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Pharmacology > General Pharmacology > Flashcards

General Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Calculation for oral bioavailability

A

Plasma conc / dose given

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2
Q

Factors affecting oral bioavailability

A

Lipophilicity, Molecule size, First pass metabolism

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3
Q

Calculation for distribution

A

Dose given / plasma conc

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4
Q

Compartments the drug is in with a Vd < 0.2

A

Plasma

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5
Q

Compartments the drug is in with a Vd between 0.2 and 0.7

A

ECF

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6
Q

Compartments the drug is in with a Vd > 0.7

A

Whole body (Fat)

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7
Q

Factors affecting volume of distribution

A

Lipid solubility, DDIs, Protein binding, Diseases

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8
Q

Measure of elimination

A

Half-life

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9
Q

Calculation for half life

A

0.693 x Vd / Clearance

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10
Q

Define first order kinetics

A

Elimination is proportional to dose

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11
Q

Define zero order kinetics

A

Elimination constant over time

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12
Q

Number of half lives to reach steady state

A

4-5

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13
Q

Calculation for loading dose

A

Vd x Desired conc

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14
Q

Define selectivity

A

Drugs ability to bind to a receptor

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15
Q

Define specificity

A

Drugs ability to cause a response in a receptor

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16
Q

Define affinity

A

How readily a drug binds to a receptor

17
Q

Measure of affinity

A

Kd

18
Q

Define Kd

A

Conc at which 50% of receptors are occupied

19
Q

Define efficacy

A

Degree of response from a receptor generated by a drug

20
Q

Define potency

A

Dose required to generate a response

21
Q

Measure of potency

A

EC50

22
Q

Define EC50

A

Conc at which a 50% response is generated

23
Q

Types of ADRs

A

On target and off target

24
Q

Define on target ADRs

A

Greater than desired effect at target site

25
Q

Define off target ADRs

A

Where drug works on an undesired receptor type

26
Q

Common CYP450 inducers

A

Phenytoin, Carbamezpine, Barbituates, Rifampacin, Alcoholism, St John’s wort

27
Q

Common CYP450 inhibitors

A

Omeprazole, Disulfaram, Erythromycin, Valproate, Isoniazid, Ciprofloxacin, Ethanol, Sulphpnylamide

28
Q

Common drugs bound to plasma protein

A

Sulphonylureas, Phenytoin, Valproate, Carbamezepine, NSAIDs, Warafrin, Glitazones, Heparin

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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