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Undeleted > General Connective Tissue x > Flashcards

General Connective Tissue x Flashcards

1
Q

CT Characteristics

A 
Separated - Surrounded by ECM
Resident Cells & Wandering Cells
Well-Vascularized
Support Tissue
Derived from Mesoderm
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2
Q

Resident Cells

A

Fibroblasts

Adipocytes

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3
Q

Wandering Cells

A 
Macrophages
Mast Cells
Lymphoctyes
Neutrophills wbc
Eosiniphills wbc
Basophils wbc
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4
Q

CT Fxns

A 
Support frameworks and filler
Transport of nutrients
Storage of metabolites
Defensive responses
Tissue repair
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5
Q

Fibroblast - fxn, structure, other names

A

synthesis of CT fibers and ECM
Large, oval, pale nucleus
Chondroblast, Osteoblasts, Fibrocyte (inactive or quiescent)

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6
Q

Adipose Cells - types, characteristics/fxns

A 
Unilocular, Multilocular
Sensitive to neural and hormonal control
Thermal Insulation
Produces Leptin 
Shock absorbers
Space filler
50-150un
Surrounded by basal lamina - highly vasularized
15-25% body weight
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7
Q

Unilocular - name, fxn, structure

A

White - Adults, Storage of neutral fats (triglycerides), 1 lrg lipid droplet

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8
Q

Multilocular - name, fxn, structure

A

Brown - Newborns, Production of heat, numerous small lipid droplets

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9
Q

Hyperplastic, Hyperthrophic

A

increase in the overall number of cells.

Increase in the size of individual cells.

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10
Q

Leptin

A

Hormone that Inhibits appetite and stimulates metabolic rate

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11
Q

Macrophages - Characteristics/fxn

A 
Part of mononulcear phagoctye system
Immune response - antigen presentation
Ingests particles w/ lysosomes
Derived from blood monocytes
Nucleus  - oval or kidney shape
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12
Q

Specialized names for Macrophages + location

A 
Histocytes
Dust cells/Alveolar Macrophages - lungs
Kupffer Cells - liver
Microglia - neural tissue
Osteoclasts - bone
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13
Q

Mast Cells - presentation, characteristics

A

Large, oval or elongate cells
bright purple (or pink) staining granules (basophillic)
Originate in bone marrow
Meditate inflammatory process, acute inflammation
Mediate immediate hypersensitivity reactions

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14
Q

Degranulation

A

Many IgE receptors on mast cell so binds IgE
IgE binds Ag –>–>–> Ca2+ release –> Mast granule fusion with plasma membrane and content release initiating inflammatory response.

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15
Q

Mast Cells release

A

Preformed mediators and newly systhesized mediatiors

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16
Q

Preformed mediatiors - def, types

A 
released by mast cell granules
Histamine
Serine proteases
Heparin
Eosinophil chemotatic factor
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17
Q

Histamine - fxn

A

Increased capillary permeability = edema
Blood vessel dilation
in airways - increase mucus and smooth muscle contraction

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18
Q

Serine proteases - types, fxns

A

tryptase, chymase (role in angiotensis II production)

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19
Q

Heparin

A

sulfated GAG , anticoagulant

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20
Q

Newly synthesized mediators - def, types

A

Lipids and Cytokines made and released after mast cell activation and degranulation

  • Leukotrines
  • TNFalpha
  • INterleukins
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21
Q

ECM components

A

ground substance

fibers

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22
Q

Ground substance - def/types

A

amorphous and viscous intracellular mixture of proteglycans, structural glycoproteins and tissue fluid

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23
Q

GAG - a.k.a, def

A

Glycosaminoglycans

long unbranched disaccarides with strong negative charge, attracts cations, attracts water, resist compression

24
Q

Proteoglycans - def, fxn

A

GAG + protein core
attached via link protein to hyaluronic acid
Gel state in ECM - compression resistance
Barrier functions

25
Q

Structural Glycoproteins - def, types/location

A 
binds cell to ECM - cell adhesion, migration, signaling
fibronectin - fibroblasts
laminin - epithelial cells
chonrocytes - chondrocytes
osteonectin - bone
26
Q

Fibronectin

A

from fibroblasts found in ECM

has binding sites for multiple components

27
Q

Laminin

A

from epitihelial cells
found in basal lamina
binds to collage (type IV), intergrins, heparin, entactin
ability to cross link very well

28
Q

Tissue fluid - from, fxn

A

derived from blood plasma
bound to neg. charge GAG
transports nutrients and wasted nu hydro-static and osmotic pressure.

29
Q

Edema

A

abnormal increase in CT fluid

associated w inflammation, venous obstruction or starvation (fall in colloid osmotic pressure)

30
Q

FIbers

A

Collagen
Reticular Fibers
Elastic Fibers

31
Q

Collagen - staining, # types

A 
Bifringent
Inelastic
stains pink w/ H&E
stains blue w/ Mallorys trichrome
4 major types
32
Q

Collage Type I - location, function

A

tendon, dermis, bone, ligaments, cornea, dentin

Tensile strength

33
Q

Collagen Type II - location, function

A

cartilage, nucleus pulposus, vitreous body

Resistance to Compression

34
Q

Collagen Type III - location, function

A

smooth muscle, vessels, fetal skin

Compliance - ability to change shape a little

35
Q

Collagen Type IV - location, function

A

Basal Laminae

Support and filtration Barrier

36
Q

Collage Type I - Cell types, Structure

A

Fibroblast

Fibers - large

37
Q

Collage Type II - Cell types, Structure

A

Chondrocyte

Fibrils - small

38
Q

Collage Type III - Cell types, Structure

A

Fibroblasts, ‘reticular’, smooth mucscle, schwann, hepatpcytes

39
Q

Collage Type IV - Cell type, Structure

A

Epithelia, endothelium, Schwann, Muscle fibers

40
Q

Fiber - layers

A

Molecules x Many = Fibrils x many = FIibers x many = Bundle

41
Q

Reticular Fibers - characteristics, fxn

A

seen in type III collagen
Argyrophillic (silver staining)
only form fibrils and fibers
Provide support and change in shape

42
Q

Elastic FIbers

A

provide stretch and recoil
Yellow appearance,
need special stains
Found in aorta

43
Q

ECM interface - fxns, types

A

adhesion, communication and cell movements
Transmembrane structural glycoproteins
Basement Membrane

44
Q

Transmembrane structural glycoproteins, - type, fxn

A

Intergrins and dystoglycans

Adhesion, traction and bidirectional signaling

45
Q

Basement Membrane - layers

A

Lamina lucida, Lamina densa, Lamina reticularis

Can see with light microsope

46
Q

Connective tissue classifiaction

A

Loose/ Areolar CT

Dense CT

47
Q

Loose/ Areolar CT - def, arrangement, fxns

A 
Grounds substance predominates
Loose arrangement
-Support epithelium
-Lines body cavities
-Ensheates blood vessels
48
Q

Dense CT - def, fxn, types

A

fibers predominate
resist stress
Regular (tendon) and Irregular (dermis sclera)

49
Q

Lamina Propria

A

Loose CT in mucosa

50
Q

Regular Dense CT - arrangement

A

fibrillar components arranged in same direction

51
Q

Irregular Dense CT - arrangement

A

FIbers are in mesh=like arrangement

Can be moved/ strong in more than one plane

52
Q

Reticular CT - arrangement

A

mesh-like

53
Q

Adipose CT

A

more cells than matrix (unlike other CT)

54
Q

Elastic CT - arrangement

A

Sheets/Lamallae

55
Q

Embryonic CT - def, types

A

Undifferentiatied CT
Mesenchymal
Mucoid

56
Q

Messenchymal - characteristics

A

only in embyro

scattered fibers - spindle or start shaped

57
Q

Mucoid - characteristics

A

Found only in umbilical coil
Loose amorphous
Hylauronic acid - gel state of ECM

Undeleted (45 decks)

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