Anatomy of Joints : LE X Flashcards
Femoracetabluar Impingment
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Condition where bony abnormalities of the femur, acetabulum or both result in pain and altered mechanics at the hip joint
Causes impingement and damage to acetabular cartilage
Meniscus tears - random
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Most common knee injury
Athletes susceptible
Anterior Cruiciate Ligament Tears
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ACL - most injured ligament
5-% occur in conjunction with meniscus injury
Tested with Drawer test (testing anterior translation of leg with respect to femur)
Ankle Sprains
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Occurs with excessive motion at ankle
Stretching or tearing of ankle ligaments
Inversion sprain most common, lateral ligaments
Hip Joint - def, characteristics
Femur heads + acetabulum of hip joint
Three degrees of motion
Hip Joint Ligaments : name, fxn
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Illiofemoral ligament, Pubfemormal ligament, Ischiofemoral ligament
Primary stabilizers of hip joint
Illiofemoral Ligament - location, characteristics
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between pelvis and femur
Helps you stand upright - maximally taut in extension
Strongest ligament
Pubofemoral Ligament
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pubic part of hemipelvis to femur
taut in abduction (an individual who can abduct like crazy need laxity in this ligament)
Ischiofemoral Ligament
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pelvis and femur
Restrict internal rotation - taut in internal rotation
Acetabular Labrum - def., fxn
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fibrcartilagonous structure around perimeter of the bony acetabulum.
increases congruence btwn joint surfaces = joint stability
Ligamentum Teres
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Inserts into fovea capitis
includes small amount of blood supply to femur
Blood supply to head of femur
important - hip fractures - neck of femur break
compromises blood supply to femur
Motions of the Hip
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Extension/Flexion
Abduction/Adduction
Internal Rotation / External Rotation
Knee joint - composition
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Femur and Tibia
Femur and Pattella
Valgus - def, if strain
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`Kneespoint together
Valgus movement restricted by medial collateral ligament
Varus
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Knees point apart
Verus movement restricted by lateral collateral ligament
Dorsiflexion actions
Rise up on heels
Plantarflexion actions
Rise up on toes
Inversion - action, location, sprains
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soles of foot move medially
@ Subtalar joint (not ANKLE joint)
sprains more common, injures lateral ligaments
Foot Arches - fxn. ligaments
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Absorb shock and distribute forces during activity supported by foot ligaments Long plantar ligament Short Plantar Ligament Calcaneoavicular ligament
Ligaments of ankle - Lateral + others
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*Anterior talofibular ligament
*Calcaneofibular ligament
Deltoid Ligament
Posterior Talofibular Ligament
Malleoli can be fractured
KNOW
Knee support
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Lateral Collateral Ligament Medial Collateral Ligament Anterior Cruciate Ligament Posterior Cruciate Ligament Menisci - support and shock absorbance - medial susceptible to injury from sudden extension or rotation while leg fixed
Ankle Joint - a.k.a, compoments. motions
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Talocural
Talus and Tibia
Mallelous (Medial and Lateral)
Plantar and Dorsiflexion
