Cancer Hallmarks Flashcards
Emerging Hallmarks of Cancer
Deregulating cellular energetics
Avoiding immune destruction
Current Hallmarks of Cancer
Resisting cell death Evading Growth Suppresors Enabling replicative immortality Sustaining cell signaling proliferation Inducing angiogenesis Activating invasion and metastasis
Enabling Characteristics
Genome instability and mutation
Tumor-promoting inflammation
Error Possibilties
Somatic Mutations Point Mutations Deletion Mutations Driver Mutations Passenger Mutations
Somatic Mutations - types
Point Mutations
Translocations
Amplifications
Overexpressions
Point Mutations - types
Silent
Nonsense
Missense - conservative
Missense - non-conservative
Anti-Angiogenesis
Mostly effective in Kidney
No predictive biomarker
Chemotherapy - how
NA
Targets DNA or microtubles
????
Alkylating agents - effect, method
Forms bonds with amino carboxyl and phosphate groups.
Modify DNA
KILL CELL
Anti Metabolites - effect, method
Masquerade as purines and pyrimidines
Inhibit DNA synthesis
KILL CELL
Cytotoxic Antibodies - effect, method
Cause DNA strand breaks
Intercalate DNA
INhibit DNA and RNA synthesis
KILL CELL
Topoisomerase Inhibitors - effect, method
Inhibit DNA supercoiling
Result in inhibition of DNA and RNA function and synthesis
KILL CELL
Microtubule Targeting Agents - name
Vinca Alkaloids
Taxanes
Epothilones
Vince Alkaloids - effect, method
Inhibit assembly of tublin into microtubules
Prolonged mitotic delay
KILL CELL
Taxanes - effect, method
Enhance micro-tubules stability
Prolonged Mitotic delay
KILL CELL
