Gastroenteritis Flashcards
Where is the inflammation in gastroenteritis?
From stomach to intestine
Most common organism type for gastroenteritis?
VIRAL (rotavirus)
Symptoms of gastroenteritis?
D+V
Symptoms of hypernatraemic dehydration?
Jittery movements
hyperreflexia
increased tone
convulsions
drowsiness
What is the most common bacteria cause of gastroenteritis?
Campylobacter jejuni
Why are we worried about e-coli gastroenteritis?
Spread faeco-oral
shiga toxin can cause abdo crmaps and increase risk of haemolytic uraemic syndrome*
- avoid giving abx as the risk increases
Which organisms need to be reported when they cause gastroenteritis?
Shigella
Salmonella
Campylobacter
Listeria
E- coli
What investigations are done for gastroenteritis?
-
Stool Sample Analysis → microscopy, culture and sensitivities.
- Stool culture if (NICE) → septicaemia suspected, blood/mucus in stool, child is immunocompromised.
How to rehydrate children self help?
Oral Rehydration Solution (75 ml/kg every 4 hrs).
How to manage children with gastroenteritis with IV fluids?
Only give IV if clinically dehydrated
- IV bolus 10ml/kg 0.9% saline / 10 mins
Maintenance IV 0.9% NaCl + 5% dextrose
take home advice given for gastroenteritis?
Not go back to school until at least 48 hours after last episode of diarrhoea or vomiting.
Should resolve within 2 weeks
Which children can you give antidiarrhoeal medications?
NOT for children <5yo
Complications of gastroenteritis?
lactose intolerance,
IBS (POST-INFECTIOUS IBS),
reactive arthritis,
guillain-barre syndrome.
