Eye disease Flashcards
Periorbital cellulitis
What is periorbital cellulitis?
Infection of soft tissues anterior to orbital septum e.g. skin, eyelids, subcut tissue
What causes periorbital (preseptal) cellulitis?
Spread of infection from surrounding structures e.g. sinusitis or URTIs
Periorbital cellulitis symptoms?
Red, swollen, painful eye
Acute onset
No orbital symptoms as of yet but otherwise looks the same as orbital!
Management of periorbital cellulitis?
Refer to secondary care for assessment
Give oral co-amox
What is orbital cellulitis?
Infecting affecting fat + muscles posterior to orbital septum - much more serious then periorbital
Risk factors for orbital cellulitis?
Previous sinus infection
Lack of haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine
What are the symptoms of orbital cellulitis?
Red, swollen eye
Severe ocular pain
Visual disturbance
Proptosis
Opthalmoplegia
Ix for orbital cellulitis?
CT orbit with contrast
How to mx orbital cellulitis?
hospital admission for IV abx
Genetics of retinoblastoma
Autosomal dominant
Signs and sx of retinoblastoma
absence of red reflex
Strabismus
Visual problems
What is strabismus?
Having a squint
Common up to 3 months of age
What is the most common cause of strabismus in infants?
refractive error
When does strabismus require opthalmological opinion?
if 3+ month of strabismus
What is retinopathy of prematurity?
over oxygenation in premature babies can cause retinal vessel proliferation -> loss of red reflex and neovascularisation
Sight of retinopathy of prematurity?
Loss of red reflex + neovascularisation
What is opthalmia neonatorum?
baby conjunctivitis
<48 hours of life = gonoccous / tx = cefotaxime
1-2 weeks of life = chlamydia trachomatis / tx = oral erythromycine 2 weeks
Requires safe day referral
