Gallbladder - neurovascular, lymph & gallstones Flashcards
what is the arterial supply to the gallbladder via?
the cystic artery
where is the cystic artery derived from?
hepatic artery proper
what is the hepatic artery proper a branch of?
common hepatic artery
where does the gallbladder receive its venous drainage from?
the cystic vein
where does the cystic vein drain directly into?
the portal vein
aside from the cystic artery and vein, how does the gallbladder communicate with the liver?
through several very small veins and arteries
what types of innervation does the gallbladder receive?
The gallbladder receives parasympathetic, sympathetic and sensory innervation.
what carries sympathetic and sensory fibres?
celiac plexus
what delivers parasympathetic innervation to the gallbladder?
vagus nerve
what does parasympathetic stimulation produce in the gallbladder?
Parasympathetic stimulation produces contraction of the gallbladder, and the secretion of bile into the cystic duct
what is the main stimulator of bile secretion?
cholecystokinin
where is cholecystokinin secreted and where does it travel?
secreted by the duodenum and travels in the blood
where does lymph from the gallbladder drain into?
drains into the cystic node
where is the cystic node situated?
at the gallbladder neck
what does the cystic node empty into?
hepatic lymph node
what does the hepatic lymph node then empty into?
celiac node
what are gallstones? where do they form?
Gallstones are small lumps of solid material that form in the gallbladder
what can be the symptoms of gallstones?
They are relatively common and often asymptomatic, however they can be associated with pain, jaundice and inflammation of the gallbladder
what are examples of types of gallstones?
There are several types of gallstones, including cholesterol and pigment stones
is cholesterol or pigment stones more common?
cholesterol
when are gallstones formed?
when there are high concentrations of cholesterol in the gallbladder
what does the risk of gallstones increases with?
The risk of gallstones increases with age, pregnancy and obesity
are gallstones more common in females or males?
females
what is the method of treating most symptomatic patients with gallstones? what is it called?
surgical removal of the gallbladder (cholecystectomy)
how is cholecystectomy performed via?
key-hole surgery
what are patients with gallstones normally treated with prior to surgery?
Patients are also often prescribed painkillers and antibiotics
why are painkillers and antibiotics prescribed?
to reduce pain and to limit infection
