Abdominal aorta Flashcards

1
Q

what is the abdominal aorta a continuation of?

A

the thoracic aorta

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

where does the abdominal aorta begin at? (which level)

A

T12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

approx how long is the abdo aorta and which level does it end?

A

It is approximately 13cm long and ends at the level of the L4 vertebra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what happens at level L4?

A

the aorta terminates by bifurcating into the right and left common iliac arteries that supply the lower body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what are the branches of the abdominal aorta? (in descending order)

A
inferior phrenic arteries
coeliac artery
superior mesenteric artery
middle suprarenal arteries
renal arteries
gonadal arteries
inferior mesenteric artery
median sacral artery
lumbar arteries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

describe the inferior phrenic arteries and where do they arise and what do they supply?

A

Paired parietal arteries arising posteriorly at the level of T12. They supply the diaphragm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

describe the coeliac artery, where does it arise? what is it also known as?

A

A large, unpaired visceral artery arising anteriorly at the level of L1. It is also known as the celiac trunk

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what does the coeliac artery supply?

A

supplies the liver, stomach, abdominal oesophagus, spleen, the superior duodenum and the superior pancreas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe the superior mesenteric artery - where does it arise?

A

A large, unpaired visceral artery arising anteriorly, just below the celiac artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the superior mesenteric artery supply?

A

supplies the distal duodenum, jejuno-ileum, ascending colon and part of the transverse colon. It arises at the lower level of L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

describe the middle suprarenal arteries

A

Small paired visceral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where do the middle suprarenal arteries arise?

A

either side posteriorly at the level L1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what do the middle suprarenal arteries supply?

A

adrenal glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the renal arteries?

A

Paired visceral arteries

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where do the renal arteries arise?

A

laterally at level between L1 & L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what do the renal arteries supply?

A

the kidneys

17
Q

what are the gonadal arteries?

A

Paired visceral arteries

18
Q

where do the gonadal arteries arise?

A

laterally at level L2

19
Q

what is the male and female gonadal artery referred to as?

A

males: testicular artery
females: ovarian artery

20
Q

what is the inferior mesenteric artery?

A

A large, unpaired visceral artery

21
Q

where does the inferior mesenteric artery arise?

A

anterior at level L3

22
Q

what does the inferior mesenteric artery supply?

A

large intestine from the splenic flexure to the upper part of the rectum

23
Q

what is the median sacral artery?

A

An unpaired parietal artery

24
Q

where does the median sacral artery arise?

A

posteriorly at the level of L4

25
Q

what does the median sacral artery supply?

A

coccyx, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum

26
Q

how many pairs of lumbar arteries are there?

A

There are four pairs of parietal lumbar arteries

27
Q

where do the lumbar arteries arise?

A

posterolaterally between the levels of L1 and L4

28
Q

what do the lumbar arteries supply?

A

abdominal wall and spinal cord

29
Q

what does aortic aneurysm describe?

A

a dilation of the artery to more than 1.5 times its original size

30
Q

which component of the aorta is the most common site for aneurysmal changes?

A

abdominal component

31
Q

what do patients suffering with an abdominal aortic aneurysm experience?

A

abdominal pulsations, abdominal pain and back pain

32
Q

what can the aneurysm also cause in the lower limbs? why?

A

The aneurysm may also compress nerve roots causing pain/numbness in the lower limbs

33
Q

what does a patient with an aortic arch aneurysm may also have? why?

A

may have a hoarse voice due to the dilation stretching the left recurrent laryngeal nerve. Patients may also not have any symptoms at all

34
Q

how is diagnosis of an aortic aneurysm made?

A

Diagnosis is made from an ultrasound

35
Q

how can the weakened vessel be replaced?

A

surgically with a piece of synthetic tubing

36
Q

what happens if a large aneurysm is left untreated?

A

can rupture - often fatal medical emergency