coeliac trunk Flashcards
what is the coeliac trunk a major artery of?
major artery of the abdomen
what does the coeliac trunk arise from?
abdominal aorta
what does the coeliac trunk supply?
many of the GI viscera
what is the coeliac trunk a branch of? which branch?
The coeliac trunk is the second branch of the abdominal aorta (the first branches are the paired inferior phrenic arteries).
what does the coeliac trunk arise from?
It arises from the anterior aspect of the aorta, at the aortic hiatus of the diaphragm (T12 level).
after emerging from the aorta, what happens to the coeliac trunk?
the coeliac trunk extends approximately 1cm before dividing into three major branches – left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries
which direction do the major branches (left gastric, splenic and common hepatic arteries) travel?
Of these branches, two go left and one goes to the right-hand side.
collectively, coeliac trunk and its major 3 branches all supply what?
they are the major arterial supply to the stomach, spleen, liver, gall bladder, abdominal oesophagus, pancreas and duodenum
which branch is the smallest of the 3 branches?
The left gastric artery is the smallest of the three branches
where does left gastric artery ascend from, give rise to and end up at?
It ascends across the diaphragm, giving rise to oesophageal branches, before continuing anteriorly along the lesser curvature of the stomach
what happens to the left gastric artery as it reaches the lesser curvature of the stomach?
it anastomoses with the right gastric artery
what does the splenic artery arise from?
from the coeliac trunk just inferior to the left gastric artery
where does the splenic artery travel towards?
the spleen, running posterior to the stomach and along the superior margin of the pancreas
during the course of the splenic artery, where is it contained within?
the splenorenal ligament
what does the splenic artery terminate into?
five branches which supply the segments of the spleen
in addition to supplying the spleen, which important vessels do the splenic artery also give rise to?
Left gastroepiploic
short gastrics
pancreatic branches
what does the left gastroepiploic supply?
supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
what does the gastroepiploic anastomose with?
right gastroepiploic artery
what does the short gastric artery supply?
5-7 small branches supplying the fundus of the stomach
what do the pancreatic branches of the splenic artery supply?
supply the body and tail of the pancreas
what sort of appearance does the splenic artery have, making it easily identifiable from other nearby vessels?
The splenic artery has a tortuous appearance (similar to the facial branch of the external carotid artery)
what does the common hepatic artery supply?
The common hepatic artery is the sole arterial supply to the liver
what is special about the common hepatic artery in terms of its course of travel as a branch of the coeliac artery?
the only branch of the coeliac artery to pass to the right
As the coeliac artery travels, what does it past?
past the superior aspect of the duodenum
what happens as the duodenum passes through the superior aspect of the duodenum?
it divides into its two terminal branches – the proper hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries
what do the proper hepatic and gastroduodenal arteries both have?
Each of these arteries has multiple branches and variation in the arrangement of these branches is common
what does the proper hepatic artery ascend through and where does it travel towards?
The proper hepatic artery ascends through the lesser omentum towards the liver
what does the proper hepatic artery give rise to?
Right gastric
Right and left hepatic
Cystic
what does the right gastric artery supply?
the pylorus and lesser curvature of the stomach
what do the right and left hepatic arteries supply?
divide inferior to the porta hepatis and supply their respective lobes of the liver
what is the cystic branch a branch of?
the right hepatic artery
what does the cystic branch of right hepatic artery supply?
gall bladder
where does the gastroduodenal artery descend posterior to?
superior portion of the duodenum
what are the branhces of the gastroduodenal artery?
right gastroepiploic
superior pancreaticoduodenal
what does the right gastroepiploic branch supply?
supplies the greater curvature of the stomach
where is the right gastroepiploic branch found?
between the layers of the greater omentum, which it also supples
what does the superior pancreaticoduodenal branch divide into?
anterior and posteiror branch
what does the superior pancreaticoduodenal branch supply?
head of pancreas
what is special about the blood supply of the stomach?
The stomach is the only organ to receive arterial supply from all three branches of the coeliac trunk
how is the stomach’s blood supply achieved?
through a system of anastomoses along the greater (gastroepiploic arteries) and lesser (gastric arteries) curvatures
what supplies the head of the pancreas?
The pancreaticoduodenal arcade is a network of arteries that surround and supply the head of the pancreas
what are the 2 main arteries of the pancreaticoduodenal arcade?
superior pancreaticoduodenal
inferior pancreaticoduodenal
what do each of the 2 main arteries have?
anterior and posterior branches which anastomose (e.g. anterior to anterior) forming a ring structure
what is the superior pancreaticoduodenal artery a branch of?
a branch of the gastroduodenal artery
what is the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery a branch of?
branch of superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
what do peptic ulcers in the stomach and duodenum have the potential to cause? when?
potential to cause significant gastrointestinal bleeding if they erode into neighbouring arteries
which artery do peptic ulcers in the stomach and duodenum usually erode into?
gastroduodenal artery
what is the Coeliac Trunk Compression Syndrome?
The median arcuate ligament occasionally lies anterior to the coeliac trunk, rather than its usual superior position.
what is the median arcuate ligament?
the fibrous anchor of the diaphragm that forms the aortic hiatus
what can coeliac trunk compression syndrome cause?
compression of the coeliac trunk that may present pathologically as pain
what is the pain of coeliac trunk compression syndrome thought to be caused by?
the resulting ischaemia of the abdominal organs - though it also may be associated with compression of the coeliac ganglia
what is the treatment of coeliac trunk compression syndrome?
the surgical division of the median arcuate ligament
which abdominal vasculature is most likely to become aneurysmal?
the splenic artery is the third most likely to become aneurysmal (after the aorta and iliac arteries)
what is treatment for Splenic Artery Aneurysm?
removal of the spleen (splenectomy), and often partial removal of the pancreas due to the splenic artery’s close relation
where does the left gastric artery often arise from?
often arises proximal to the bifurcation of the splenic and common hepatic arteries
what is the location where the left gastric artery often arises from called?
false tripod
where is the right gastric artery occasionally seen as?
as a branch of the common hepatic instead of the proper hepatic artery
where may the right gastric and right hepatic arteries arise from?
the SMA
the left hepatic artery is sometimes seen as what?
seen as a branch of the left gastric artery
the inferior phrenic arteries may arise from where instead of the abdominal aorta?
may arise from the coeliac trunk instead of the abdominal aorta
