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Abdo > colon - anatomical relations and arterial supply > Flashcards

colon - anatomical relations and arterial supply Flashcards

1
Q

what is anterior to the ascending colon?

A

Small intestine
Greater omentum
Anterior abdominal wall

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2
Q

what is posterior to the ascending colon?

A

Iliacus and quadratus lumborum
Right kidney
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

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3
Q

what is anterior to the transverse colon?

A

Greater omentum

Anterior abdominal wall

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4
Q

what is posterior to the transverse colon?

A

Duodenum
Head of the pancreas
Jejunum and ileum

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5
Q

what is anterior to the descending colon?

A

Small intestine
Greater omentum
Anterior abdominal wall

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6
Q

what is posterior to the descending colon?

A

Iliacus and quadratus lumborum
Left kidney
Iliohypogastric and ilioinguinal nerves

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7
Q

what is anterior to the sigmoid colon?

A

Urinary bladder

Uterus and upper vagina (females only)

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8
Q

what is posterior to the sigmoid colon?

A

Rectum
Sacrum
Ileum

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9
Q

what are attached to the surface of the large intestine?

A

omental appendices

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10
Q

what are omental appendices?

A

small pouches of peritoneum, filled with fat

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11
Q

what is running longitudinally along the surface of the large bowel?

A

three strips of muscle, known as the teniae coli

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12
Q

what are the three teniae coli?

A

the mesocolic, free and omental coli

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13
Q

what does the teniae coli contract to do?

A

to shorten the wall of the bowel

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14
Q

what does the teniae coli contracting and shortening the wall of the bowel produce?

A

producing sacculations known as haustra

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15
Q

how does the diameter of the large intestine compare to the small intestine?

A

The large intestine has a much wider diameter compared to the small intestine

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16
Q

where do the features in difference between large and small intestine cease?

A

at the rectosigmoid junction

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17
Q

what happens at the rectosigmoid junction?

A

the smooth muscle of the teniae coli broaden to form a complete layer within the rectum

18
Q

what is the neurovascular supply to the colon closely linked to?

A

its embryological origin

19
Q

what is the derivative of the midgut?

A

ascending colon and proximal 2/3 of the transverse colon

20
Q

what is the derivative of the hindgut?

A

Distal 1/3 of the transverse colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon

21
Q

what is the general rule of arterial supply to the midgut structures?

A

superior mesenteric artery

22
Q

what is the general rule of arterial supply to the hindgut-derived structures?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

23
Q

where does the ascending colon receive its arterial supply from?

A

from two branches of the superior mesenteric artery

24
Q

what are the 2 branches of the superior mesenteric artery?

A

ileocolic and right colic arteries

25
Q

what does the ileocolic artery give rise to?

A

gives rise to colic, anterior cecal and posterior cecal branches

26
Q

what do the colic, anterior cecal and posterior cecal branches supply?

A

the ascending colon

27
Q

what is the transverse colon derived from?

A

both the midgut and hindgut

28
Q

what is the transverse colon supplied by?

A

branches of the superior mesenteric artery and inferior mesenteric artery

29
Q

what are the branches of the superior and inferior mesenteric artery?

A

Right colic artery
Middle colic artery
Left colic artery

30
Q

where is the right colic artery derived from?

A

superior mesenteric artery

31
Q

where is the middle colic artery derived from?

A

superior mesenteric artery

32
Q

where is the left colic artery derived from?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

33
Q

what is the descending colon supplied by?

A

by a single branch of the inferior mesenteric artery; the left colic artery

34
Q

where does the sigmoid colon receive its arterial supply via?

A

the sigmoid arteries

35
Q

what are the sigmoid arteries branches of?

A

inferior mesenteric artery

36
Q

what is the marginal artery (of Drummond)?

A

a clinically important vessel that provides collateral supply to the colon

37
Q

what is the function of the marginal artery (of Drummond)?

A

maintaining arterial supply in the case of occlusion or stenosis of one of the major vessels

38
Q

what happens as the terminal vessels of the superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric artery approach the colon?

A

they split into many branches, which anastomose with each other.

39
Q

what do the anastomoses form? what is it called?

A

These anastomoses form a continuous arterial channel which extends the length of the colon – the marginal artery

40
Q

what arises from the marginal artery? what does it supply?

A

Long, straight arterial branches (called vasa recta) arise from the marginal artery to supply the colon.

Abdo (50 decks)

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