G Protein Coupled Receptors Flashcards

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1
Q

Where are g-protein coupled receptors located?

A

Membrane

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2
Q

Enzyme responsible for cAMP formation?

A

Adenylyl cyclase

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3
Q

What is cAMP?

A

Nucleotide synthesised within cell from ATP byaction of adenylyl cyclase

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4
Q

What do protein kinases do?

A

Regulate the function of many different cellular proteins by controlling protein phosphorylation

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5
Q

Two key second messenger pathways controlled by receptors via G proteins

A

Adenylyl cyclase and phospholipase c

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6
Q

Purpose of G protein coupled receptor

A

Detect extracellular signal and transduce a cellular response

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7
Q

Structure of GPCR

A
  • Has 7 transmembrane domain
  • coupled to G protein heterotrimeric G protein complex
  • agonist binding side
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8
Q

How is G protein activated

A

Signal molecule binds to G protein- coupled receptor
a subunit exchanges GDP for GDP
a subunit dissociates from b +y subunits which trigger cellular response
GTP is hydrolysed and signal molecule comes off receptor
a subunit comes back together with receptor and b+y subunits

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9
Q

Galphai and galphas have differential effects on this enzyme

A

Adenylate cyclase

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10
Q

Enzyme activated by galphaq

A

Phospholipase C

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11
Q

Enzyme activated by cAMP

A

Protein kinase A

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12
Q

What is broken drown into IP3 and DAG?

A

PIP2

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13
Q

cAMP is what type of messenger?

A

Key secondary messenger

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14
Q

What does cAMP go on to do?

A

Activate protein kinase A, phosphorylation of target proteins,

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15
Q

PIP2 is?

A

A membrane phospholipid

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16
Q

PLC

A

Enzyme which breaks down phospholipids