FUEL/OIL POLICY Flashcards
What does the fuel schedule at HKE look like?
Taxi Fuel
Trip Fuel
Contingency Fuel
Destination Holding Fuel
Additional Fuel
Alternate Fuel
Final Reserve Fuel
=FUEL REQUIRED
+Extra Fuel
+Tankering Fuel
+Discretionary Fuel
=TOTAL FUEL
What is included in Taxi Fuel?
APU usage
Engine start
Taxi for departure
What is standard taxi fuel for the A320 and A321?
200 kg
How is Contingency fuel derived?
Higher of:
- 5% of trip fuel or
- 5 min holding at 1500 ft above destination in
standard conditions
How much extra fuel is normally added to the OFP and what is it called?
15 min
Destination Holding Fuel
What would be the reason for the company to add 30 min of extra fuel?
If certain conditions exists at destination at ETA +- 1h:
- Weather forecasted to be close to or
below landing minima including
TEMPO conditions - Wind over crosswind limits
- TS with FEW CB forcasted at
destination including TEMPO
conditions - ATS procedures, restrictions or delays
Is DEST HOLD fuel a legal requirement to carry?
No
What is the limitation on how much fuel we can use for fuel tankering?
MLW -500kg
What is a “Re-clearance” procedure in regards to fuel procedures?
Flight can be dispatched with another airport as destination and then be re-cleared in flight to possibly continue to original destination if fuel onboard is sufficient. Otherwise we divert to the “new” destination
Define “Fuel Required”
- Taxi
- Trip Fuel
- Contingency
- Dest Hold
- Additional
- Alternate
- Reserve
Define “Total Fuel”?
Fuel Required + Tankering + Extra
What is the fuel expected at the MAP of the intended destination?
CMR (Company Mandatory Fuel)
- Fuel required to chosen alternate
- 5% contingency fuel applicable to the above
- Final Reserve
Define “Taxi Fuel”
and
How much fuel is it?
- APU usage
- Engine start
- Taxi for departure
It is 200 kg for both A320 and A321
Can taxi fuel be varied by the Commander?
Yes
Define “Trip Fuel”
Fuel from take-off to landing at destination
What figure is Trip Fuel based upon?
The planned ZFW
Define “Contingency Fuel”
Fuel required to compensate for unforeseen factors which could influence fuel consumption to the destination
How is Contingency Fuel calculated?
- 5% of planned trip fuel or
- 5 min holding at 1500 ft at destination
Define “Destination Hold Fuel”
Extra fuel to cater for expected ATC or weather delays at the destination
15 min is normally always added to the FPL
30 min is added if certain conditions exists +-1h of the ETA:
- Weather forecasted to be close to minima
- Forecast X-wind is above limitations
- TS with FEW CB are forecasted, including TEMPO
If the Commander wants more extra fuel, is that added to Dest Hold fuel?
No, it will be added as Extra Fuel
Is Dest Hold legally required fuel?
No, the Commander can choose to take it off the FPL
Define “Additional Fuel”
Fuel required if fuel load is not sufficient to:
- allow the aircraft to descend as necessary and proceed to an alternate in the event of engine failure or loss of pressurization and
- having 15 min holding fuel and make an approach and landing
Define “Alternate Fuel”
Fuel from Missed Approach, flight to alternate, descent and landing + 5% Contingency
What “Fuel Schedule” is Alternate Fuel calculated from
Long Range Cruise (LRC)
Define “Reserve Fuel”
Fuel to fly for 30 min at holding speed at 1500 ft
Above what value of fuel discrepancy to we have to start looking into it?
Above 400 kg discrepancy
Define CMR in regard to fuel?
CMR (Company Mandatory Fuel)
- Fuel required to chosen alternate
- 5% contingency fuel applicable to the above
- Final Reserve
If, in-flight, it becomes clear that you will arrive at destination with less than the required CMR. What procedure can be implemented?
We can continue provided:
- Fuel remaining is not less than Final Reserve
- There are two separate runways
- No delays
- Weather is better than the alternate planning
minima for the non-precision approach aid with
the higher minima serving the two runways
being considered
- Cross wind is within limits
If, during descent, it becomes clear that you will arrive at destination with less than the required CMR. What procedure can be implemented?
Flight may continue if fuel remaining on landing is equal to Final Reserve
What number should tankering be limited to?
MLW -500kg
When should tankering not be considered?
Destination runway have:
- Standing Water
- Slush
- Snow
- Ice
What formulas can be used to calculate Maximum allowable Fuel at Departure?
1 Based on Max Landing Weight
MLW - 500 kg - ZFW + Taxi Fuel + Trip Fuel
2 Based on Max Take Off Weight
MTOW - ZFW + Taxi Fuel
What is formula can be used to estimate Fuel Tankering?
1st Sector Taxi Fuel +
1st Sector Trip Fuel +
1st Sector Taxi In/APU usage +
2nd Sector Block Fuel
What is the minimum oil quantity for the IAE engines?
11 qt + 0,3 qt/h
What is the minimum oil quantity for the PW engines?
14 qt
What is the minimum oil quantity for the LEAP engines?
10,6 qt or
8,9 + estimated consumption (0,45 qt/h)
When do we start investigating fuel uplift discrepancies?
When difference is 400 kg or above
What is the max allowed imbalance between the inner fuel tanks and the outer fuel tanks on the A320?
Inner tanks limit = 500 kg
Outer tanks limit = 370 kg
What is the max allowed imbalance between the fuel tanks on the A321?
400 kg
What the difference achieved by inserting CI = 0 compared to CI = 999?
CI = 0 gives maximum range
CI= 1 gives minimum time
What can be done to increase fuel temperature?
What are the temperature increase effects of these actions?
- Descend or divert to a warmer airmass. 4000 ft
descent gives as 7 deg C increase in TAT - Increase Mach nr. An increase of M 0,01 gives
approximately 0,7 deg C increase in TAT
Is a FLEX or TOGA takeoff preferred when it comes to minimize fuel consumption?
TOGA is preferred as the take off phase becomes shorter
Does turing off one pack after start burn more or less fuel?
It burns more
How often do we have to perform fuel checks?
At least every 30 min
What actions can be done to make fuel last longer when getting close to min fuel?
- Fly MRC speed by setting CI to 0
- Obtain more direct routings
- Fly a more optimum flight level
- Select as closer suitable alternate
What does the term “MINIMUM FUEL” mean?
Informs ATC that all planned airport options have been reduced to a specific airport and any change to the existing clearance may result in landing with less than the planned final reserve fuel
When should a pilot declare “MAYDAY MAYDAY MAYDAY FUEL”?
When the calculated usable fuel to be available upon landing at the nearest airport where a safe landing can be made is less than the planned final reserve
What is the minimum fuel for take-off?
1500 kg
How can we try to get away with a lower value of Contingency Fuel?
By using an ERA. Instead of 5% of trip fuel we can use 5% of fuel required from overhead or abeam the ERA.
Then take the higher of the new 5% or 5 min hold @ destination
