France - Bordeaux Flashcards
Where is Bordeaux Located?
Bordeaux is located in southwestern france, and is named after the 4th largest city in France, Bordeaux
What are the two major areas of Medoc
- Bas - Medoc ( Lower)
- Haut-Medoc (Upper)
Wines labeled “Appellation Mèdoc Controlèe were made from what part of Mèdoc?
Châteaux in Bas-Mèdoc
What is the dominant grape of Mèdoc
Cabernet Sauvignon
What are the two main red wines used to blend with Cabernet Sauvignon left bank wines?
- Cabernet Franc: used to soften the tannin structure and to add herbaceous and aromatic notes
- Merlot: used to soften tannins and add ripe fruit Characteristics
True or False
Haut - Medoc is not a sub region of Mèdoc?
False
True or False
Haut Medoc has the more superior type of soil than the rest of Medoc?
True
How are high quality wines from Haut Medoc labeled?
Appellation Haut-Medoc Contrôlèe
Note:
Are often high quality wines
What are the 4 communes of Haut - Medoc?
From north to south
- St. Estèphe
- Pauillac
- St. Julien
- Margaux
Note:
These 4 AOC regions are considered by many to be home to the greatest collection of top quality wineries anywhere in the world
What is the main soil type of Medoc?
Gravel
What are the areas that set off of the Gironde Estuary and Garonne River
Medoc
Graves
What is the most grown grape in Bordeax?
Merlot
What are the red grape varietals of Bordeaux?
- Merlot
- Cabernet Sauvignon
- Cabernet Franc
- Petit Verdot
- Malbec
What is the main white grape varitials in Bordeaux?
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Semillion
- Muscadelle
What is the furtherest northern Commune in Haut - Medoc?
St. Estèphe
What commune in Bordeaux is known to being the most important appellation in all of Bordeaux
Paulliac
What are the five 1st Growth Classification Wines of 1855?
- Chateau Latour
- Château Lafite - Rothchild
- Château Mouton - Rothschild
- Château Margeux
- Château Haut - Brion
What are the 3 communes that are found in Pauillac?
- Château Latour
- Château Lafite - Rothchild
- Château Mouton - Rothchild
What is the smallest commune in Haut Medoc?
St. Julien
What are boulbenes?
The mixture of sand, gravel, and light clay soil. This takes place in Graves
True or False
You can only produce red wines in Graves?
False - you can produce red wines and white wines. Only in Medoc and Haut- Medoc in the left bank can you only made red wines
What are the 3 major bodies of water in Bordeaux
- Gironde Estuary
- Gasonne River
- Dogdonne River
What area in the Left Bank is known for its sweet white wines?
Sauternes and Barsac
What is the fungus that is very popular on grapes in Sauternes and Barsac that helps produces sweet white wines?
Botrytis Cinerea
What grape gets Botrytis Cinerea the most in Bordeaux and why?
Semillion and because it’s a thin skinned grape that contains a lot of sugar
What causes Noble Rot?
The climate, the perfect mixture of humidity and mild weather. Misty mornings and later sunshine make perfect conditions for Noble Rot
What is the white wine that is made in Pessac - Lèognan?
Sauvignon Blanc
What is the soil type in the right bank?
Clayish
What is the main grapes of the right bank?
Merlot - the main grape
Cabernet Franc - is also a leading grape
What appellations in the right bank make white wines
Côte de Blaye and Côte de Bourg
What are the two main red wine regions in the right bank?
Pomerol
Saint - Èmilion
Other red wines of the right bank?
Canon - Fronsac
Fronsac
Lalande - de - Pomperol
What is the smallest commune of all the quality communes in Bordeaux?
Pomerol
Note:
- it’s limited supply is what has caused prices in the appellation to skyrocket
What is the major grape grown in Pomerol?
Merlot
What is the top château in Pomerol?
Château Pètrus
What is the main grape of Saint Èmilion?
Merlot
True or False
Saint Èmilion was apart of the 1855 Classification?
False - due to being left out Saint Èmilion created its own appellation, Appellation Saint Èmilion Grand Cru Contrôlèe”
What are two top producers in Saint Emilion?
Château Cheval Blanc
Château Ausone
What does Entre - Deux - Mers mean?
Between two Seas
What type wines are exclusively sold in Entre - Deux - Mers?
Dry white wines
What is the dominant grape in Entre De Mers?
Sauvignon Blanc
What type of wines are made in Sauternes?
Dessert Wines
What is the Southern most sweet wine region of Bordeaux?
Sauternes
True or False
Sauternes are made every year?
False - Sauternes are made only during the best vintage years. During bad vintages the wines are sold off to other producers
Name an important Château in Sauternes?
Château d’YQuem
What bank is Sauternes located?
Left Bank
What region in France has the most acreage
Bordeaux with 117,500 ha
What dèpartement is most of the land of Bordeaux in
Gironde
What are the main areas set off of the Dordogne River
Saint Emilion
Pomerol
Fronsac
Surrounding Appellations
What appellations set on the right bank of the Gironde River
Blaye
Bourg
What is the vast stretch of land between the Garonne River and Dordogne River
Entre - Deux - Mers
What is the climate of Bordeaux
Maritime
What area in France (more specific than Bordeaux) receives the most rainfall
Medoc
- Annual rainfall is 950mm
What are usually the driest months of Bordeaux
July and August
What parallel runs just north of Bordeaux
45th parallel
Why is the Atlantic Gulf Stream Current important to Bordeaux
It brings warm water up from the Caribbean, keeping the climate mild
What is Bordeaux most planted white grape
Semillon ⚪
What are some notes that Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Carmenère, and Sauvignon Blanc share
Green notes:
Bell Pepper
Grass
Sage
What is the synonym for Cabernet Franc on the right bank
Bouchet
What is the original name of Malbec
Pressac Noir
What are the synonyms for Malbec and the location of these names
Côt - west France
Pressac - Bordeaux right bank around Lisbourne
What grape is the only grape that uses the spur training method
Sémillon
How many AOPs are there in Bordeaux
39
Bordeaux AOP
Bordeaux Supérieur AOP
Crémont de Bordeaux AOP
What are these to Bordeaux
The three regional appellations of Bordeaux
How many châteaux were chosen in the classification of 1855 and how many categories was it
57
- 5 categories called Grand Cru Classé
How many Sauternes were chosen for their classification and how were they divided
21
- 3 categories
- second Crus
- premier Crus
- Premier Cru Supérior
What were the original 4 châteaux chosen for the classification of 1855
Latour
Lafite
Margeaux
Haute - Brion
What château received the Premier Cru Supérieur
Château d’Yquem