Flight Rules Flashcards
In what 3 ways can a flight plan be filed?
Written
Verbal
Electronically
With what 2 organizations can a flight plan be filed?
Flight service
ATC
What are the 14 contents of a flight plan? (write down if necessary)
Type of flight plan aircraft ID aircraft type Departure point Departure time Estimated time enroute True airspeed Cruising altitude Flight route Destination Fuel Pilot contact People on board Other pertinent info
What does: Type of flight plan aircraft ID aircraft type True airspeed Departure point Departure time Cruising altitude Flight route Destination Estimated time enroute Fuel (HH:MM) Pilot contact information People on board Other pertinent info make up?
A flight plan
How many types of domestic flights are there?
3
What are the 3 types of domestic flights?
IFR
VFR
DVFR
Who is responsible for separation in IFR flight?
ATC
Must aircraft be in IFR in IMC?
Yes
What does IMC stand for?
Instrument meteorological conditions
Who is responsible for cancelling IFR after activation?
The pilot
When does IFR automatically cancel?
upon landing at an airport with a tower
Who is responsible for separation in VFR?
Pilot
What are the only meteorological conditions in which a pilot may be in VFR?
Visual Meteorological Conditions (VMC)
What rules are an exception to the rule that a pilot may only be in VFR in VMC?
Special VFR
Is filing a VFR flight plan required?
No, but it is encouraged
What is the primary purpose of filing a VFR flight plan?
Search and Rescue
Who is responsible for closing VFR?
Pilot
What 2 organizations can and must a pilot notify when VFR is closed?
Automated Flight Service Station (AFSS) or ATC
What does DVFR stand for?
Defense VFR (DVFR)
Is DVFR Required for flight into ADIZ or DEWIZ?
Yes
What does ADIZ stand for?
Air Defense Identification Zone
What does DEWIZ stand for?
Distant Early Warning Identification Zone (the Alaska one)
When is a DVFR filed?
Prior to departure
When can a DVFR be filed in the Alaska ADIZ?
immediately after airborne
Who is responsible for closing DVFR?
Pilot
Is it necessary to file an IFR Flight Plan?
Yes
Is ATC clearance required for an IFR flight plan?
Yes
How is landing done in IFR?
Using instrument approach procedures.
Are instrument approach procedures used for landing in IFR?
Yes
What can prevent IFR approaches from being utilized?
Below minimum weather conditions.
What kinds of flights do departure minimums apply to?
Revenue flights
Do departure minimums apply to IFR revenue flights?
Yes
What are some examples of a revenue flight?
Air carriers, taxis, etc.
Under what IFR conditions can a non-revenue flight depart?
Any condition they wish.
What is the minimum visibility for a 2 or less engine aircraft in IFR?
1 Statute Mile
For how many engined aircraft is the minimum IFR visibility 1 statute mile for departure?
2 or less engined aircraft.
What is the minimum visibility for a 3 or more engine aircraft in IFR?
1/2 statute mile
For how many engined aircraft is the minimum IFR visibility 1/2 statute mile for departure?
3 or more engined aircraft.
Must aircraft in IFR maintain communication with ATC?
Yes
Must aircraft in IFR report necessary reporting points
Yes
What kind of flight conditions must any IFR aircraft report?
Any hazardous flight conditions
Must IFR aircraft report any hazardous flight conditions?
Yes
What does MEA stand for?
Minimum en route altitude
What does MOCA stand for?
Minimum Obstacle Clearance Altitude
Under IFR flight rules, what is the minimum altitude where no MEA or MOCA is present in non-mountainous terrain?
1000’ with a 4NM radius.
In what type of terrain is a minimum altitude of 1000’ with a 4NM radius allowed without an MEA or MOCA in IFR?
Non-mountainous
Under IFR flight rules, what is the minimum altitude where no MEA or MOCA is present in mountainous terrain?
2000’ with a 4NM radius
In what type of terrain is a minimum altitude of 2000’ with a 4NM radius allowed without an MEA or MOCA in IFR?
Mountainous
In IFR flight, who assigns cruising altitudes?
ATC
At FL410 and below, altitudes in IFR are assigned in what increments?
2000’
Above FL410, altitudes in IFR are assigned at what increments?
4000’
At FL410 and below, an aircraft in IFR with a magnetic course of 000-179 will be assigned what type of altitude?
Any odd altitude
At FL410 and below, an aircraft in IFR will be assigned any odd altitude by ATC if its magnetic course is within what range?
000-179
Above FL410, an aircraft in IFR with a magnetic course of 000-179 will be assigned what type of altitude?
any FL starting at FL450
Above FL410 , an aircraft in IFR will be assigned any FL starting at FL450 by ATC if its magnetic course is within what range?
000-179
At FL410 and below, an aircraft in IFR with a magnetic course of 180-359 will be assigned what type of altitude?
any even altitude
At FL410 and below, an aircraft in IFR will be assigned any even altitude by ATC if its magnetic course is within what range?
180-359
Above FL410, an aircraft in IFR with a magnetic course of 180-359 will be assigned what type of altitude?
Any FL starting at FL430
Above FL410 , an aircraft in IFR will be assigned any FL starting at FL430 by ATC if its magnetic course is within what range?
180-359
In the event of radio failure in IFR, pilot actions depend on the last clearance issued regarding what 3 things
route
altitude
clearance limit
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do if on a route?
Proceed via the last route assigned
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do if on a vector?
proceed via direct route from the point of failure to the next fix, route, or airway specified
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do if no route was assigned?
proceed via the last route ATC advised to expect
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do if no route was assigned and there is no expected route?
proceed via filed route
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do regarding altitude?
Fly at the highest of these for the route segment:
Last assigned ATC altitude
Last expected altitude
Minimum altitude for IFR operation along the route segment being flown
radio failure in IFR, what should the pilot do about clearance limit where the fix is where an approach begins and EFC time was issued?
begin the approach as close as possible to the EFC time
What does EFC stand for?
expect further clearance
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do regarding clearance limit where the fix is where an approach begins and no EFC time was issued?
begin the approach as close as possible to the ETA
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do regarding clearance limit where the fix is not where an approach begins and EFC time was issued?
leave the clearance limit as close as possible to the EFC
In the event of radio failure in IFR, what should a pilot do regarding clearance limit where the fix is not where an approach begins and no EFC time was issued?
leave the clearance limit to arrive over the approach fix at the destination airport as close as possible to the ETA
What does EFC mean?
Expect further clearance
In VFR rules, at what altitude and heading can an aircraft flight at SFC-3000’ AGL?
Any heading/altitude
In VFR flight, at what SCF AGL can an aircraft fly at any heading/altitude?
SCF-3000’ AGL
In VFR rules, at what altitude can an aircraft above 3000’ AGL but below FL180 fly at a heading of 000-179 degrees?
Odd altitude + 500’
In VFR rules, at what altitude can an aircraft above 3000’ AGL but below FL180 fly at a heading of 180-359 degrees?
Even altitude + 500’
In VFR rules, at what heading can an aircraft above 3000’ AGL but below FL180 fly at an odd altitude + 500’?
000-179 degrees
In VFR rules, at what heading can an aircraft above 3000’ AGL but below FL180 fly at an even altitude + 500’
180-359 degrees
Is VFR flight allowed above FL180?
No
Is VFR flight allowed in class A airspace
No
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class B airspace with 3 SM visibility?
Clear of clouds
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class C airspace with 3 SM visibility?
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class D airspace with 3 SM visibility?
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class E airspace with 5 SM visibility at or above 100?
1000’ Above/Below, 1 SM Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class E airspace with 3 SM visibility at or below 100?
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class G airspace with 5 SM visibility At or above 100 and At or above 012 AGL
1000’ Above/Below, 1 SM Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class G airspace with 1 SM visibility in daylight Below 100 and At or above 012 AGL
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class G airspace with 3 SM visibility at night Below 100 and At or above 012 AGL
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class G airspace with 3 SM visibility at night Below 012 AGL at night
1000’ Above, 500’ Below, 2000’ Laterally
What cloud clearance is granted to fly VFR in class G airspace with 1 SM visibility during daylight Below 012 AGL
Clear of clouds
What is Special VFR?
Hybrid of IFR/VFR flight, aircraft is VFR but provided IFR separation.
What aircraft does ATC separate in Special VFR?
those in IFR or SVFR
Where can special VFR flight be conducted?
Class B, C, D, or E surface area, below 10,000 MSL
Who requests Special VFR separation?
The pilot
Can ATC prompt or request special VFR separation?
No
What is the visibility requirement for fixed wing aircraft in special VFR?
1 SM
What is the visibility requirement for helicopters in special VFR?
No requirement
Does the sky need to be clear of clouds for special VFR separation to be allowed?
Yes
When is Special VFR separation allowed?
Daylight only (sunrise-sunset)
What is VFR-On-Top?
Hybrid of IFR/VFR flight.
May aircraft on an IFR clearance obtain clearance to fly VFR?
Yes
Do aircraft reporting VFR-on-top conditions and obtaining clearance fly their cleared routing?
yes
Do aircraft report VFR-on-top conditions and obtain clearance Operate at any appropriate VFR altitude?
yes
May ATC restrict the VFR-On-Top altitude?
Yes
Must aircraft flying VFR-On-Top comply with minimum IFR altitudes?
Yes
Must aircraft flying VFR-On-Top comply appropriate cloud clearance requirements?
Yes
Who assumes responsibility for separation with other aircraft in VFR-On-Top flight?
The pilot
What 2 parts of the FAR are scheduled airlines subject to?
91 and 121
What does flying VFR-on-top allow a pilot to do?
Choose their own altitude
A NORDO IFR aircraft will fly at the ____ assigned/expected altitude issued.
Highest
Above FL410, how many feet are two aircraft flying in the same direction vertically separated by?
4,000
Can a pilot flying VFR-on-top deviate off route?
No
What altitude should and IFR aircraft below FL180 heading 305 be flying at?
Even
What are the cloud clearance requirements for VFR aircraft in class B airspace
Clear of clouds
Which flights require filing a flight plan?
IFR
When can a VFR aircraft fly any altitude regardless of heading?
3000’ AGL and below.
Without supplemental oxygen, aircraft must be pressurized to operate above what altitude?
12,500’ MSL
