Communication Flashcards
Phraseology?
- standard words and phrases
- have specific meanings
- provide clear and concise communication
- minimize misunderstandings
Radio Frequencies?
- Each is used for a specific purpose
- single frequency may be used for more than one function
- Assigned frequencies and interphones must be monitored continuously
UTC?
Coordinated Universal Time
Coordinated Universal Time (UTC)
- 24hr standard (GMT) time
2. Zulu time
NM
Nautical Mile
Nautical Mile
- Unit of distance used in aviation
- equals 6072 feet
- approx. 1.15SM
kts
Knots
Knots (kts)
- unit of speed
2. one knot = one nautical mile per hour
Mach
- Unit of speed relative to the speed of sound
2. Mach 1 equals the speed of sound
Coordination
- The relay of instructions
- unusual situations
- and essential info
- between all affected individuals
Interphone
- Landline communications system
- connects a controller
- to all facilities/positions
Handoff
- Transfers radar identification
- and communications of an aircraft
- from one controller to another
- when the aircraft enters the receiving controller’s airspace
Point-out
- Transfers radar identification
- but not communications of an aircraft
- from one controller to another
- if the aircraft will or may enter the airspace or protected airspace
- of another controller
What is used to pronounce individual letters?
NATO phonetics
EX: A=Alpha, B=Bravo, C=Charlie
How are numbers stated?
As individual digits
EX: 1000=One Zero Zero Zero
How are altitudes stated?
- hundreds and thousands
- but group form (ten thousand) may be used to clarify.
EX: 10000’= One Zero Thousand
How would FL180 be phrased?
Flight Level One Eight Zero
How would 20000’ altitude be phrased?
Two Zero Thousand
How would FL240 be phrased?
Flight Level Two Four Zero
What time zone is used in ATC?
UTC (GMT)
How is time stated?
In four individual digits.
How would 13:15 be phrased?
One Three One Five Zulu (UTC Time)
How would 08:25 be phrased?
Zero Eight Two Five Zulu (UTC Time)
How is wind stated?
- State “Wind”
- magnetic direction rounded to the nearest 10
- state “at”
- wind speed in knots
How would wind with a magnetic direction of 252 degrees at 10 knots be phrased?
WIND TWO FIVE ZERO AT ONE ZERO
How are headings stated?
- State “Heading”
2. Then the 3 digit heading
How would a heading of 050 be phrased?
Heading Zero Five Zero
How are beacon codes assigned?
- State “Squawk”
2. Four-digit code
How would a beacon code of 0572 be phrased?
Squawk Zero Five Seven Two
How would a runway assignment be stated?
- state “runway”
- first two digits of their magnetic heading
- “right”, “left”, or “center” where multiple runways exist
How would runway R36 be phrased?
Runway Three Six
How would runway R14R be phrased?
RUNWAY ONE FOUR RIGHT
How are frequencies stated?
- Individual digits
- “Point” for the decimal
- Drop the third number to the right of a decimal if it exists
How would frequency 118.825 be phrased?
ONE ONE EIGHT POINT EIGHT TWO
How is speed stated?
- Individual digits
- followed by “knots.”
- When using Mach numbers, first state “Mach” then the number
How would a speed of 250 knots be phrased?
TWO FIVE ZERO KNOTS
How would a speed of mach 1.2 be phrased?
Mach One Point Two
ATC must identify themselves on ______ contact with every aircraft.
Initial
What are the 3 parts of ATC initial contact with an aircraft?
- Aircraft call sign
- ATC identification
- Message
On initial contact, is “over” required?
No, but it may be stated at the end.
On initial contact, (1)____ call sign is used, unless not used by the (2)_____; then use the call sign the (3)_____ used (even if it’s (4)__________).
- full
- pilot
- pilot
- incorrect
If aircraft have similar call signs, what two methods can be used to clarify?
- Full call sign: don’t abbreviate
2. Authorized call signs: restate the call sign at the end