FINAL Flashcards
louisiana purchase
paid 15 million for the big land in the middle of the country.
embargo
restriction on trade
jay’s treaty
britain agreed to leave its forts that were occupied in the northwest territory
missouri compromise
missouri would be a free state as well as part of northern massachusetts became maine
significance war of 1812
british encouraged indians to attack us as well as committing the practice of impressment. these led us to want to attack
lewis and clark expedition
their expedition go them to the pacific ocean
significance of louisiana purchase
doubled the size of our country and concerned people bc we had never purchased foreign affairs before
significance of embargo act
stopped trade with britain and france. Angered new englanders would mostly made money through trade. this did not effect the british or french
significance of missouri compromise
states north of the 36, 30 border would be free and south of it would be slave. this caused major issues for years to come obviously
significance of jay’s treaty
caused controversy because some thought the treaty contained no protection for american shipping while others felt it was a betrayal of revolutionary ideals, a sell out to the hated british
impressment
act of forcing people into military service
why the battle of new orleans happen
they signed the treaty of chant for peace two weeks before but news didn’t reach the camps
in battle of new orleans what happened
british were cocky and attacked well positioned americans. the americans killed them in an hour casualties were 2,036 to 21 in favor of america
significance of lewis and clark
made contact and improved relations with native americans, and gathered information about the lands natural resources
republican virtues
things the new society would adapt
what are the republican virtues
sacrificing individual needs for the good of the community, self-reliance, industry, frugality, and harmony
significance of republican virtues
people started upholding these virtues and everything done in society was held to these standard, this was big for the women as far as them getting mad for these not being done to them
cotton gin
machine that separates the seeds from raw cotton fibers
how many effects did cotton gin have on the society
4
first effect of cotton gin
pound for pound of cotton skyrocketed, and with it then amount of cotton planted for harvest
2nd effect of cotton gin
became southern planters major crop bc it became so easy to produce
3rd effect of cotton gin
alabama, mississippi, louisiana, and texas became settled quickly because of people looking for land to grow cotton
4th effect of cotton gin
amount of slaves increased rapidly because of the need for people to work the rapidly growing cotton industry
turnpike
new roads made by companies that required you to pay a toll to use them. at points on the road they put up a gate to block the road for you to pay, hence turnpike when they let u through
significance of turnpike
changed travel for years
second great awakening
great religious movement of early 1800s
what sparked the second great awakening
pressures of a changing society
industrial revolution
beginning in britian in the late 1700s, to increase production by using powered sources other than humans or animals
trans appalachia
area west of the appalachian mountains
erie canal
canal in new york, completed in 1825 that linked the hudson river with lake erie
adams - onís treaty
1819 treaty between the US and spain in which spain gave florida to the US
revival
a gathering where people are “revived”, or brought back to religious life
wilderness road
road built in the 1770s that became the main route across the appalachians
denomination
a religious branch such as catholicism
interchangeable parts
a system of manufacturing in which all parts are made to an exact standard for easy mass assembly
McCulloch vs Maryland
1819 case in which the supreme court ruled that congress has the authority to take actions necessary to fulfill its constitutional duties
labor union
organization of workers formed to protect the interest of its members
spoils system
system or practice of giving appointed offices as rewards from the successful party in an election; name for the patronage system under president jackson
secede
to withdraw formally from membership in a group or organization
indian removal act of 1830
1830 law calling for the forced movement of native americans to west of the mississippi
urban
relating to a city
free enterprise system
economic system in which companies compete for profits
market revolution
shift from a home-based economy to one based on money and the buying and selling of goods
industrialization
growth of industry
monroe doctrine
declaration by president monroe in 1823 that the united states would oppose efforts b any outside power to control a nation in the western hemisphere
emancipation
freeing of enslaved people
utopian community
a small society dedicated to perfection in social and political conditions
suffrage
the right to vote
temperance movement
an organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption
discrimination
unequal treatment of a group of people because of their nationality, race, sex, or religion
abolitionist movement
movement to end slavery
seneca falls convention
the first women’s rights convention in US history held in 1848
naturalize
to apply for and be granted american citizenship
underground railroad
network of escape routes that provided protection and transportation for slaves fleeing north to freedom
gag rule
rule passed by the house in 1836 prohibiting antislavery petitions from being read or acted upon
presidio
fort built on southwest by spanish
annex
join or attach
great plains
vast grassland between the mississippi river and the rocky mountains
texas war for independence
successful revolt by texas against mexican rule
boom town
town that has experienced rapid growth
santa fe trail
trail linking independence missouri and santa fe new mexico in the mid 1800s
nomad
person who continually migrates instead of living permanety in one place
mountain man
an american fur trader who explored the rocky mountains and regions farther west in the early 1800’s
gadsden purchase
1853 purchase by the united states of southwestern lands from mexico
battle of the alamo
capture by mexican troops of a texas held mission in san antonio in 1836
california gold rush
mass migration to california following the discovery of gold in 1848
oregon trail
trail linking independence missouri and oregon, used by many pioneers during the 1840s
manifest destiny
argument that the united states was destined to expand across north america
fugitive slave act
part of the compromise of 1850, a law ordering all citizens of the united states to assist in the return of slaves
nativism
movement to ensure that american born people get better treatment than immigrants
states’ rights
theory that states have the right to nullify acts if the federal government and even to leave the union if they wish to do so
kansas - nebraska act
1854 law that called on citizens in each territory to decide the issue of slavery there
scott vs standford
1857 supreme court decision that declared slaves not to be citizens and overturned the Missouri compromise
free soiler
person dedicated to preventing the expansion of slavery into the western territories
border states
In the civil war, the states between the north and south; delaware, maryland, kentucky, and missouri
lower south
texas, luisianna, mississippi, alabama, florida, georgia, and south carolina
upper south
virginia, north carolina, tennessee, and arkansas
arsenal
place where weapons are made or stored
prejudice
an unreasonable, usually favorable opinion of another group
confederate states of america
association of seven seceding southern states, formed in 1861
