chapter 9 sec 1+2 Flashcards
Transcendentalism
taught that the process of spiritual discovery and insight would lead person to truths more profound than he or she could reach through reason
temperance movement
an organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption
abstinence
to do without
utopian communities
small societies dedicated to perfection in social and political conditions
segregated
or separated according to race
abolitionist movement
movement to end slavery
emancipation movement
or freeing of enslaved persons
Underground railroad
a network of escape routes that provided protection and transportation for slaves feeling north to freedom
gag rule
congress succedded in passing this rule which for the next eight years prohibited antislavery petitions from being read or acted upon in the House
what started the reform movements
the second great awakening and transcendentalism
the reform movement was largely rooted in what?
religious fatih
what was the puritan belief
that God predetermined lives and placed them in rigid social ranks
the reforms rejected what idea
puritn belief
what did the reformers believe?
God was all powerful and allowed people to make their own destinies.
who was Charles Grandison Finney
lawyer from new york, he was the centralist figure in the revivalist movement
what did Charles Grandison Finney do?
he became a presbyterian minister and spoke to audiences like he did juries, with passion and fire
who was lyman beecher
major revivalist from new england who wanted to evangelize west, 13 kids
who are the three of beeches kids that are famous
henry ward beecher, harriet beecher stowe, and catherine beecher
who is henry ward beecher?
famous preacher and lecturer
who is harriet beecher stowe?
famous antislavery activist
who is catherine beecher
key figure in women’s education
raplh waldo emerson was what?
leader of transcendentalism movement
what did emerson do after his wife died?
started a writing career that became known as an american renaissance in literature.
henry David thoreau
a focmous trnscendentlis as well, wrote walden
what was the book walden
a book about henry davids experiment of living alobein the woodland thinking
why did people want to get rid of alcohol especially women
because it made them act out in ways they normally would and women saw it as a threat to their families because of abuse and the like
what was one big issues in reform
schooling
why did people want good schools
society could not be run if people were not informed voters and morally upright citizens
what did Horace Mann believe
that every man had a right to an education
why did people not like the school idea
becuas sit raised taxes especially the people who either did not have kids or had kids in public schools, they did not like it
what did Mnn do to better schools
he instituted grade level so kids could learn better, installed a curriculum, and had better teacher training
what did public schools do in mans day?
teach kid show to behave, stand up straight, wait their turn, basically how to be a proper person
who was dorthea dix?
she was a person who went around and saw prisons were terrible and ended reform
what did Dix find about prisons
nobody from little felonies to people with muser charges were put together, mentally ill could not recover
dix wnated reform but had a lawyer friend do it why
because she was a women
what did dix’s reform do
they created separate institutions for the mentally ill so they could recover and they split up hard criminals vs soft ones
what was one of th emost famous utopian societies?
New Harmony in indiana
why was a utopian society doomed from the start
it was natural for people to have different point of views and argue, people got lazy and selfish
david walker?
free black man who would take clothes of sailors put pamphlet in about antislavery, and sell them to other sailors
david walker was considered what
a hero of the abolitionist movement
what was one of the ways people thought slavery could end??
recolonizatin
what is recolonization
sending the blacks back to africa because they would not be able to acimihlate into our culture.
what is one example of an antislavery news paper
The Liberator
who was the liberator published by
william lloyd garrison
what did willis garrison found
the american antislavery society
how many people were in garrisons society
roughly 150,000 and handed out more than 1 million pamphlets a year
frederick dougles
nations most influential african american abolitionist. spoke at antislavery conventions, ambassador to abraham, more in book
