fiber optic 16 Flashcards
A method used to lock and mark one end of a line in order to allow someone to safely work on the other end.
Lockout tag-out
A card made up of material similar to photographic film that changes colors when exposed to light.
Photosensitive card
Visible light is generated at the following wavelengths
Between 390 nm and 780 nm
Allows only a single mode of light to propagate through the fiber core. This is the most common type of fiber used in telecommunications.
single-mode fiber
Allows many modes of light to propagate through the core. This type of fiber has a larger core and is used only for short distance data links. The bandwidth is limited due to light dispersion.
multi-mode fiber
The center of the fiber that carries the transmitted light.
core
The glass material surrounding the fiber core. This glass has a lower refractive index and reflects the light back into the core, thus maintaining the light level over a long distance.
cladding
The acrylic or plastic material applied over the optical fiber core and cladding. This material protects the glass and adds to its strength.
coating
The ratio of the velocity of light of two mediums of optical glass.
refractive index
A photo diode used to detect light from an optical fiber and convert the light to an electrical source.
pin diode
The difference between transmitted and received power resulting from the loss through equipment, lines, or other transmission devices; usually expressed in decibels.
attenuation
EDFA
erbium-doped fiber amplifier
YEDFA
Ytterbium Erbium-doped fiber amplifier
Fiber Loss at 1310nm
.35 dB/km
Fiber Loss at 1550nm
.25 dB/km
How many feet in a Kilometer
3,280 ft
Sum of all the losses associated with a fiber link between the optical fiber transmitter and the optical fiber receiver.
loss budget
Fusion Splice loss (typical)
0.1 dB
Mechanical Splice loss (typical)
0.25 dB
Connector Loss
0.5 dB average
Convert mW to dBm
dBm = 10log(mW)
Convert dBm to mW
mW = 10(dB/10)
A jumper cable for optical connections.
pigtail
A board for making optical connections consisting of sleeves used to line up two connectors.
patch panel
Fibers are contained in a plastic tube much larger than the optical fibers. The fibers can move freely within the
loose tube
Color-coded tubes that house and protect the optical fibers within a fiber optic cable.
buffer tube
consists of larger buffer tubes with the fibers inside, surrounded by fiberglass water block tape, armor, two steel strength members, and a jacket.
Unitube
fibers that are arranged side by side
Ribbon
the process by which two pieces of glass are physically melted together
Fusion splicing
inserting two pieces of glass into a plastic locking sleeve, carefully aligning the fibers, and locking the pieces of fiber together
Mechanical splicing
Clean all gel from the buffer tubes and individual fibers with
isopropyl alcohol that is at least 90% pure.
how far back should you strip the fiber
1-1/2 to 2 inches
two ways how splice machine lines up the fiber ends in order to get the best possible splice
Local Injection and Detection (LID), and Profile Alignment
A device used to wrap and store excess fiber optic cable in an aerial location.
snowshoe
Comcast currently allows for____of loss through a fusion splice
.05 dB
OTDR
Optical Time Domain Reflectometer
Fiber connector used like a snap connector, but a twist lock feature much like a BNC RF connector.
ferruled connector
A rectangular plastic form used to connect optical fiber to optical devices.
snap connector
Fiber connector that uses an 8 to 12 degree angled cut end.
APC (Angle Polish Connector)
A special optical fiber connector used in gigabit Ethernet devices.
LCSC
LASER acronym
Light Amplification Stimulated by Emission of Radiation
An electronic or optical process that combines several individual signals or wavelengths into a single carrier or path.
multiplexing
Enables different wavelengths to be carried on a single optical fiber.
wavelength division multiplexing
Allows multiple wavelengths above and below a center wavelength to be carried on a single optical fiber.
DWDM (dense wave division multiplexing
A connection point in a cable system where a fiber enters a neighborhood and the optical signal is converted to an electrical signal
node
Used to detect light from an optical fiber and convert the light to an electrical source.
photodiode
Optical fiber with erbium, a rare earth material, added to the glass during the manufacturing process, to give the fiber useful properties when properly lased
doping
Used to amplify light (1550 nm). It does so by utilizing an Erbium (rare earth metal) doped fiber and a pump laser. This enables the light to travel greater distances.
EDFA (erbium-doped fiber amplifier)
provides an even greater gain in light than an EDFA Optical Amplifier.
YEDFA (ytterbium erbium-doped fiber amplifier)
Central data point communicating with endpoints of a network. All data communications must flow through the central point.
STAR
A network of devices connected together in a circular communication link.
ring
Generated during the node certification showing the fiber performance when first activated. It is a document used to compare old test results to new test results.
node birth certificate
The distance that cannot be seen by the OTDR because it too close to the OTDR source.
dead zone
Extra fiber connected to the OTDR (approximately 500 to 1,000 meters) to make up for the dead zone
launch cable
Device used to test the optical power. It converts the amount of light present to a dBm level.
optical power meter
Fiber optic measurement based on the equivalent heating power of the light. It is measured in dBm.
optical power
Silicon photodiodes are sensitive to light in the range of
400 to 1000 nm.
Most fiber optic power meters are available with a choice of three detectors
Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge) ,Indium-Gallium-Arsenide (InGaAs).
A cabinet or rack that houses the splices of the outside plant fiber to the inside headend, node, or OTN fiber.
splice panel
(OCEF)
Optical Cable Entry Facility
