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Anatomy 337 > Female Reproductive system > Flashcards

Female Reproductive system Flashcards

1
Q

uterus

A

muscular organ of the female reproductive tract where fertilization, implantation, placenta formation, and fetal development occur

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2
Q

vagina

A

the muscular tube extending between the uterus and the vestibule

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3
Q

broad ligament

A

a large mesentery enclosing the ovaries, uterine tubes, and uterus

  • subdivides the pelvic cavity
  • attaches to the sides and floor of the pelvic cavity, where it is continuous with the parietal peritoneum
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4
Q

rectouterine pouch

A

The pocket formed between the posterior wall of the uterus and the anterior surface of the colon

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5
Q

vesicouterine pouch

A

the pocket between the anterior wall of the uterus and the posterior wall of the urinary bladder

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6
Q

ovarian ligaments

A

extend from the lateral walls of the uterus, near the attachment of the uterine tube, to the medial surface of the ovary
- aids in the stabilization of the ovaries

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7
Q

suspensory ligament

A

extends from the lateral surface of the ovary past the open end of the uterine tube to the pelvic wall

  • aids in the stabilization of the ovaries
  • contains the ovarian artery and vein
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8
Q

round ligament

A

They extend anteriorly and pass through the inguinal canal before ending in the connective tissues of the external genitalia. These ligaments primarily restrict posterior movement of the uterus

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9
Q

female primary sex organ

A

ovaries

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10
Q

mesovarium

A

the portion of the broad ligament of the uterus that suspends the ovaries

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11
Q

mons pubis

A

the region anterior/superior to the pubic bone

  • typically has a layer of adipose tissue
  • this is to protect the public bone
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12
Q

labia majora

A

outer portions of labia that can grow hair

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13
Q

labia minora

A

tissue just inside the labia majora and cannot grow hair

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14
Q

vesibule

A

this is the tissue within the mabia minora and this is what contains the two openings

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15
Q

urethral orifice

A

the opening to the urethra

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16
Q

vaginal opening

A

opening to the vagina, more posterior

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17
Q

prepuse

A

this is the hood of the clitoris

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18
Q

clitoris

A

this sits most anteriorly and is the erectile tissue

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19
Q

greater vestibular glands

A
  • two pea sized compound alveolar glands located slightly posterior and to the left and right of the opening of the vagina.
  • They secrete mucus to lubricate the vagina
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20
Q

bulb of the vestibule

A

two elongated masses of erectile tissue typically described as being situated on either side of the vaginal opening
- this is the erectile body

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21
Q

corpora cavernosa

A
  • this is within the body of the clitoris

- masses of erectile tissue forming the bulk the clitoris.

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22
Q

glans

A

the rounded part, forming the end of the clitoris

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23
Q

vulva

A

this is an overarching term to describe the external genitalia of a female

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24
Q

crus

A

this is other erectile tissue that is part of the clitoris

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25
Q

nipple

A

this is where the lactiferous sinuses open up onto the surface of the skin
-in the middle of the areola

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26
Q

areola

A

this is the round skin that surrounds the nipple

-slightly darker than the skin of the breast around it

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27
Q

lobes

A

the breasts are divided into lobes which contain several lobules
-this is where the milk is produced

28
Q

lobules

A

these are the structures that produce milk

29
Q

the lactiferous ducts

A

ducts that exit the lobules converge into these and carry the milk to the lactiferous sinuses

30
Q

lactiferous sinuses

A

this is an expansion in the lactiferous duct near the nipple
-15-20 of these open onto the surface of each nipple

31
Q

suspensory ligaments

A

these are bands of CT that attach the gland to the deep overlying fascia of the pectoralis major muscle

32
Q

ovarian artery

A

this is a branch off the descending aorta just inferior to the renal arteries

33
Q

ovarian vein

A

this drains the ovarian artery

34
Q

germinal epithelium

A

simple cuboidal epithelial cells

35
Q

tunica albuginea

A

this is the fibrous capsule around the ovary

  • this is dense CT
  • this is deep to the germinal epithelium
36
Q

outer cortex of ovary

A

this is the outer portion of ovary and contains the follicles

37
Q

medulla of ovary

A

this is deep to the cortex and contains everything that enters the hilum
(the CT, blood vessels, lymph vessels, and nerves)

38
Q

ovarian follicles

A

the site of oocyte growth and oogenesis
-these are contained in the cortex and then each month one will mature and then be released into the peritoneum space to then be brought into the uterine tubes

39
Q

uterine tubes

A
  • this should be the site of fertilization
  • there are five parts to the uterine tube
  • these are covered by the mesosalpinx
  • it takes three days for the oocyte to travel the length of the uterine tube and reach the lumen of the uterus
40
Q

mesosalpinx

A

this is a draping of the peritoneum that is covering the uterine tubes

41
Q

fimbriae

A

this is the first part of the fallopian tube

  • these are finger like projections at the distal part of the tube that is close to the ovary
  • they guide and pull the released oocytes into the uterine tube
42
Q

infundibulum

A

the expanded funnel shaped end of the uterine tube closest to the ovary
-this is what the fimbriae branch off of

43
Q

ampulla

A

this is the middle region of the uterine tube

  • this makes up the majority of the tube
  • this is where fertilization should occur and where it occurs majority of the time
44
Q

uterine part

A

this is continuous with the uterine cavity

45
Q

isthmus

A

this is a short region of the uterine tube that connects the ampulla to the adjacent uterine wall

46
Q

uterine arteries

A

these are branches of the internal iliac artery

47
Q

fundus

A

this is the rounded portion of the uterus superior to the attachment of the uterine tubes

48
Q

body

A

the largest region of the uterus

- this is inferior to the fundus, superior to the cervix

49
Q

isthmus of the uterus

A

a constriction where the body ends and the cervical region begins

50
Q

cervix

A

the inferior portion extending from the isthmus to the vagina
- the tubular cervix extends into the vagina

51
Q

internal os

A

this is the internal opening of the cervix that leads to the uterine lining

52
Q

external os

A

the external opening of the uterus

-this leads into the cervical canal

53
Q

cervical canal

A

this is a constricted pathway that opens into the uterine cavity
- has cervical glands that create the mucous plug

54
Q

endometrium

A
  • this is a mucosal membrane
  • this has two layers, the functional layer and the basil layer
  • this is the inner most layer and this is what gets sloughed off each month
55
Q

the functional layer of the endometrium

A

this is what gets sloughed off each month

- this consists of the uterine glands that contribute to the endometrial thickness

56
Q

basil layer of the endometrium

A

this is a layer adjacent to the myometrium and connects the endometrium to the myometrium
- it contains the terminal branches of the tubular glands

57
Q

muscular myometrium

A
  • the inner layer of uterine wall

- this is smooth muscle

58
Q

uterine tubes contain what kind of epitheilium

A
  • there are ciliated columnar epithelium and nonciliated epithelium
  • the ciliated contribute to the movement of fluid and the oocyte
  • the non cilliated contribute to providing nutritious secretions of nourishment for the oocyte
59
Q

what are the functions of the uterus

A
  1. site of implantation
  2. supports, protects, nourish the developing embryo/fetus
  3. push fetus out during labor
60
Q

what is important to recognize about the uterine tubes and the uterus and the vagina

A

there are no sphincters or closured within making it an open tube from the outside of the body to inside of peritoneum
-this means it is at risk because there can be infection and damage from things that enter that shouldn’t

61
Q

what is important for the support of the uterus

A

the muscles of the pelvic floor

62
Q

what creates the vesicouterine and rectouterine pouch

A

these are created by the way the parietal peritoneum drapes over the uterus and creates spaces on the anterior and posterior side of the uterus

63
Q

what is important to remember about the two pouches within the peritoneum

A

these are common spots that one can develop infection in the peritoneum because gravity will cause the infection to go to the into the most inferior parts which are these pouches and these are right next to the uterus and the bladder so that can cause damage to the organs

64
Q

mucus plug

A

this is a thick barrier that prevents pathogens and foreign substances from entering the uterous

  • during the middle of the menstral cycle this is made thinner to allow sperm to travel through
  • this stays in place during pregnancy until the cervix dilates and then once big enough, the plug is released and then the water breaks and labor begins
  • important because of the open passageway nature of the reproductive organs
65
Q

vaginal orifice

A

this is an opening in the vagina

66
Q

the vaginal wall

A

this is a flexible wall with elastic fibers

  • made of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium
  • acts as a protective layer because of friction that occurs during sex and childbirth
  • has transverse folds (this can stretch out to accommodate things coming in)
67
Q

what do sebaceous glands do for the niple

A

these are within the areola and they are able to keep the areola supple when someone is breast feeding

Anatomy 337 (39 decks)

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