Bony landmarks U3

Question 1

Meatus

Answer 1

canal like passageway to the interior of the body

Question 2

fissure

Answer 2

narrow slitlike opening that houses nerves and blood vessels

Question 3

sinus

Answer 3

cavity within a bone filled with air

Question 4

trochanter

Answer 4

very large, blunt irregularly shaped process that allows for for muscle/ligament attachment
*the only example on femur

Question 5

tuberosity

Answer 5

roughed site for muscle or ligament attachment to bone

Question 6

tubercle

Answer 6

small rounded projection or process for mucsle/ligament attachment to bone

Question 7

foramen

Answer 7

round oval opening through a bone

Question 8

head

Answer 8

bony expansion ( a joint surface) carried on a neck

Question 9

notch

Answer 9

this is an indention at the edge of a bone where nerves/tendons/ blood vessels travel across the bone

Question 10

groove

Answer 10

this is a surface passageway on a bone for nerves blood vessels and tendons

Question 11

line

Answer 11

this is a narrow ride of bone less prominent than crest and allows for ligament/muscle attachment

Question 12

facet

Answer 12

smooth nearly flat articular surface

Question 13

epicondyle

Answer 13

raised area on or above a condyle for muscle and ligament attachment

Question 14

condyle

Answer 14

rounded articular projection; often articulates with corresponding fossa

Question 15

spine

Answer 15

sharp slender often pointed projection for muscle/ligament attachment

Question 16

crest

Answer 16

narrow ridge of bone; usually prominent

Question 17

fossa

Answer 17

a shallow depression or hollow.

Question 18

axial skeleton

Answer 18

this is the head rib cage and the spinal cord

Question 19

apppendicular skeleton

Answer 19

this is the upper extremities, the pectoral girdle and the pelvic girdle

Question 20

agonist

Answer 20

a muscle whose contraction is mostly responsible for producing a particular movement such a flexion

Question 21

antagonist

Answer 21

a muscle whose action opposes that of the agonist

Question 22

synergist

Answer 22

when it contracts, it assists the agonist performing the action
- provides additional pull near the insertion or stabilizes the origin

Question 23

fixator

Answer 23

when agonists and antagonists contract simultaneously they are acting as fixators stabilizing a joint and creating immoveable base

Question 24

range of motion

Answer 24

long muscle fibers have large ranges of motion

short muscle fibers have short ranges of motion

Question 25

force of a muscle

Answer 25

large cross sectional area = large force produced

small cross sectional area = smaller force produced

Question 26

appendicular muscles

Answer 26

control the movements of the upper. and lower limbs, and stabilize and control the movements of the pectoral and pelvic girdles.

Question 27

axial muscles

Answer 27

a skeletal muscle of the trunk or head

Question 28

prime mover

Answer 28

this is the primary muscle that causes the motion

Question 29

muscle compartments

Answer 29

• areas in the limb that are divided by dense fibrous connective tissue
• each compartment is often innervated by a single nerve

muscles in the same compartment have similar actions and act as synergists

Question 30

palpation

Answer 30

examining the surface anatomy with your hands