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Anatomy 337 > Cranial nerves > Flashcards

Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

what are the four cranial nerves associated with the parasympathetic division

A
  • oculomotor
  • facial
  • glossopharyngeal
  • vagus
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2
Q

what is the sympathetic division of the cranial nerves

A

superior cervical ganglian

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3
Q

what is the oculomotor nerve’s role in the parasympathetic division

A
  • travels to the ciliary ganglion

- this goes on to innervate the ciliary muscle and the pupillary constrictor muscle of the iris

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4
Q

what is the facial nerve’s role in the parasympathetic division

A
  • this travels to the pterygopalatine ganglion:
  • this goes on to innervate the lacrimal glands and small glands of nasal cavity, oral cavity and palate
  • this also travels to the submandibular ganglion
  • this goes on to innervate the submandibular and sublingual glands
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5
Q

what is the glossopharyngeal nerve’s role in the parasympathetic division

A
  • this travels to the otic ganglian

- this will go on to innervate the parotid gland

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6
Q

CN I

A
  • Olfactory Nerve

Functional modality: special senseory: olfaction (smell)

skull passageway: cribiform plate foramina

where it synapses: in the olfactory bulbs

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7
Q

CN II

A
  • Optic Nerve

Functional modality: special sensory: visual sense information

skull passageway: optic canal

  • runs through the brain tract and is covered by the meninges
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8
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor nerve

Functional modality: somatic motor and visceral motor

skull passageway: superior orbital fissure

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9
Q

describe the somatic motor modality of CN III

A
  • this innervates four of the six extrinsic eye muscles
  • superior rectus
  • the inferior rectus
  • the medial rectus
  • inferior oblique

this also innervates the levator palpebrae superioris

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10
Q

describe the visceral motor modality of CN III

A

this is the oculomotor nerve’s role in the parasympathetic division

  • the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the ciliary ganglion
  • the postganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the iris and the ciliary muscle
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11
Q

CN IV

A

trochlear nerve

functional modality: somatic motor

skull passageway:superior orbital fissue

this innervates the superior oblique

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12
Q

CN VI

A

Abducens nerve

functional modality: somatic motor

skull passageway:superior orbital fissure

this innervates the lateral rectus

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13
Q

CN V

A

trigeminal nerve

This has three divisions:

  • ophthalmic (V1)
  • maxillary (V2)
  • mandibular (V3)

functional modalities: between the three divisions this nerve does somatic special motor and somatic sensory (touch/ temperature/ pain)

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14
Q

describe the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve

A

this is V1

skull passageway: superior orbital fissure

functional modalities: somatic sensory (touch/ temperature/ pain)

this innervates the cornea, nose, forehead, anterior scalp

the sensory axons enter the cranium and synapse at the trigeminal ganglion before entering the pons

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15
Q

describe the maxillary division of the trigeminal nerve

A

this is the V2

functional modalities: somatic sensory (touch/ temperature/ pain)

this innervates the nasal mucosa, palate, gums, and cheek

the sensory axons enter the cranium and synapse at the trigeminal ganglion before entering the pons

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16
Q

describe the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve

A

this is V3

functional modalities: somatic special motor and somatic sensory (touch/ temperature/ pain)

somatic (special) motor: this innervates the muscles of mastication, myelohyoid, anterior belly of the digastric, tensor tympani muscle, and tensor veli palatine

somatic sensory (touch/ temperature/ pain) : this innervates the anterior 2/3 of the tongue, meninges, skin of the chin, lower jaw, lower teeth, and part of the ear

the sensory axons enter the cranium and synapse at the trigeminal ganglion before entering the pons

17
Q

CN VII special sensory

A
  • facial nerve

- this is taste and it is from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue

18
Q

CN VII visceral motor

A
  • facial nerve
  • this innervates the lacrimal, sublingual, and submandibular glands
  • this is the parasympathetic innervation
  • the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the pterygopalatine and submandibular glanglia
19
Q

CN VII visceral sensory

A
  • facial nerve

this is receiving sensory information from the lacrimal sublingual and submandibular glands

20
Q

CN VII somatic sensory

A
  • facial nerve

- this receives information from the small area behind the ear

21
Q

CN VII somatic (special) motor

A
  • facial nerve
  • this innervates the posterior belly of the digastric, stylohyoid, strapedius muscles, and muscles of facial expression

skull passageway: enters the skull through the internal acoustic meatus
- the branch to the facial muscles exits the skull via the stylomastoid foramen

22
Q

CN VIII

A
  • vestibulocohlear Nerve
  • functional modality: special sensory
    - vesibular branch: eqilibrium and balance
    - cochlear branch: hearing
  • skull passageway: internal acoustic meatus
23
Q

CN IX special sensory

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve

- taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue

24
Q

CN IX somatic sensory

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve

- this innervates the pharynx

25
Q

CN IX visceral sensory

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve

- this innervates the carotid bodies and the parotid gland

26
Q

CN IX somatic (special) sensory

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve

- this innervates the stylopharyngeus

27
Q

CN IX visceral motor

A
  • glossopharyngeal nerve
  • this innervates the parotid gland
  • this is the parasympathetic division
  • the preganglionic parasympathetic fibers travel to the otic ganglion
28
Q

CN IX

A
  • this is the glossopharyngeal nerve
  • it has all five modalities

skull passageway: jugular foramen

29
Q

CN X

A

Vagus nerve

functional modalities: this has all five modalities

skull passageway: jugular foramen

30
Q

CN X special sensory

A

vagus nerve

  • this is taste from the base of the tongue, epiglottis, and upper pharynx
31
Q

CN X visceral motor

A

vagus nerve

  • this goes to the heart, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, abdominal organs up to 1st 2/3 of transverse colon
32
Q

CN X visceral sensory

A

vagus nerve

  • this goes to the heart, lungs, abdominal organs up to 1st 2/3 of transverse colon
33
Q

CN X somatic sensory

A

vagus nerve

  • this is for touch and pain sensation
  • this goes to the external acoustic meatus, eardrum, laryngopharynx, and larynx
34
Q

CN X somatic (special) motor

A

Vagus nerve

  • goes to the pharynx, larynx, and palate muscles
35
Q

recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

this is a branch of the vagus nerve and it branches in the thorax

  • it loops under the arch of the aorta and returns to the neck to innervate the laryngeal muscles
36
Q

CN XI

A

accessory nerve

functional modality: somatic (special) motor

skull passageway: jugular foramen

this innervates the trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

37
Q

CN XII

A

hypoglossal nerve

functional modalities: somatic motor

skull passage way: hypoglossal canal

innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue

Anatomy 337 (39 decks)

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