Feedback

Question 1

What are the 6 types of feedback?

Answer 1

1) Positive feedback

2) Negative feedback

3) Intrinsic feedback

4) Extrinsic feedback

5) Knowledge of performance

6) Knowledge of results

Question 2

What is positive feedback?

Answer 2

Praising an individual. This can be both intrinsic and extrinsic. It highlights what went well in the performance and offers some sort of reward

Question 3

Advantages of positive feedback (3)

Answer 3

• Effective when specific
• Strengthens the S-R bond
• Increases confidence and motivation

Question 4

Disadvantages of positive feedback (3)

Answer 4

• Ineffective when unspecific
• Ineffective when overused
• This can lead to decreased motivation

Question 5

What is negative feedback?

Answer 5

Criticising the performance. This can be intrinsic or extrinsic. Focussing on what went wrong during the performance

Question 6

Advantages of negative feedback (4)

Answer 6

• Effective when constructive
• Effective when specific
• Best used with autonomous performers -> to perfect their performance
• Increases motivation

Question 7

Disadvantages of negative feedback (3)

Answer 7

• Ineffective if not constructive or specific
• Not effective when overused with cognitive learners
• Decreased motivation and confidence

Question 8

What is intrinsic feedback?

Answer 8

Feedback from within the performer. The performer has a kinaesthetic sense of when the skill is performed correctly

Question 9

Advantages of intrinsic feedback (3)

Answer 9

• Develops kinethesis
• Allows for self detection and correction of errors
• Best suited to autonomous learners (they have stored motor programmes)

Question 10

Disadvantages of intrinsic feedback (2)

Answer 10

• Can lead to false kinesthesis
• Not effective for cognitive learners as they have limited motor programmes

Question 11

What is extrinsic feedback?

Answer 11

Information from an external source such as a coach. Can be beneficial to a performer to improve their technique

Question 12

Advantages of extrinsic feedback (4)

Answer 12

• More objective if linked to knowledge of results
• More accurate from an experience coach
• Allows for error detection and correction for cognitive learning
• Increases motivation

Question 13

Disadvantages of extrinsic feedback (3)

Answer 13

• Performer could become over-reliant on this feedback
• Can prevent intrinsic feedback
• Could be inaccurate from an inexperienced coach

Question 14

What is knowledge of results?

Answer 14

Feedback based on the outcome. This is external and terminal feedback about the end result of a performers movements

Question 15

Advantages of knowledge of results (3)

Answer 15

• Shows if the performance has been successful
• Objective / statistical and fact based
• Increased motivation

Question 16

Disadvantages of knowledge of results (3)

Answer 16

• Doesn’t improve technique
• Too focused on statistics
• Decreased motivation

Question 17

What is knowledge of performance?

Answer 17

Feedback on movements the performer has carried out rather than the results. It can be either intrinsic or extrinsic

E.g. a basketball player will use feedback about the technique used rather than if the shot went in or not to know what went well

Question 18

Advantages of knowledge of performance (3)

Answer 18

• Improves technique
• Improves understanding
• Increases motivation

Question 19

Disadvantages of knowledge of performance (1)

Answer 19

• Decreases motivation