Extras Flashcards

1
Q

What is the golden circle used for?

A

Used to gain an alternative perspective to existing assumptions about why some people achieve a disproportionate degree of influencers.
Method to achieve and sustain motivation/inspiration as it is proof that leaders are able to inspire action instead of manipulating people to act.

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2
Q

How is the golden circle used?

A

1,.Why - purpose, cause or belief.
2. How - strengths, values, and guiding principles.
3. What - products sold, services offered or your role at work.

This is more inspirational than what, how, then why, as it is the “why” which is inspiring, then the rest adds context.

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3
Q

Why is the golden circle method so effective?

A

Correlates to part of the brain:
Why and how: Limbic system - responsible for feelings, like trust and loyalty, as well as human behaviour and decision-making. No capacity for language (can make it hard to put feelings into words).
What: Neocortex - responsible for rational and analytical thought, and language.

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4
Q

What are the 4 elements of the situational tutoring model?

A

Coaching - high relationship building, low guidance on tasks.

Mentoring - high relationship building, high guidance on tasks.

Delegating - low relationship building, low guidance on tasks.

Directing - low relationship building, high guidance on tasks.

relationship building required to build confidence/motivation, tasks guidance required to build level of skill.

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5
Q

What are the key differences between a tutor, mentor, and coach?

A

Tutor “puts in” - formal, frequent, subjective specific teaching for a fixed period.
Mentor “puts in” - informal, occassional, general, ongoing guiding.
Coach “draws out” - formal and infrequent leadership for a fixed period. No specific knowledge, skills, or experience - learning requested by coachee.

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6
Q

What is a SMART objective?

A

Specific
Measurable
Achievable
Relevant
Time-bound.

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7
Q

What is resilience?

A

The ability to recover from setbacks, adapt well to change, and keep going in the face of adversity.

A process rather than an end state.

Is about thriving, not just surviving.

Involves supportive relationships, not just individual effort.

About adaptive, flexible responses, not a heroic feat.

Requires a systematic or ecological approach.

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8
Q

What was voted the biggest drain on resilience at work?

A

Managing difficult relationships/politics in the workplace.

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9
Q

What does “The Failure-Tolerant Leader” argue?

A

Diminishes need for resilience by creating an environment in which setbacks and successes are treated as positive learning experiences.
Avoid giving praise or blame.

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10
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of a resilient person?

A

A staunch acceptance of reality.
Belief that life is meaningful.
An uncanny ability to improvise.

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11
Q

What group did Emmy Werner find did best in adulthood?

A

“Vulnerable but invincible” - people from troubled backgrounds who thrived as adults.

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12
Q

What are the main reasons for wasted time in business?

A

Inadequate workforce supervision
Poor management planning
Poor communication
IT problems, low morale, and lack or mismatch of skills.

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13
Q

How to manage time most effectively?

A
  1. Set goals.
  2. Prioritise tasks.
  3. Set a time limit.
  4. Take time to break between tasks,
  5. Organise yourself.
  6. Remove non-essential tasks.
  7. Plan ahead
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14
Q

What is prep-do-review?

A

A technique used to better manage time.

  1. Prep - what task are you going to do? why? how?
  2. Do - do the task.
  3. Review - what can you learn from what you did? Would you do it differently next time?
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15
Q

What is the Eisenhower time management matrix?

A
  1. Do first - urgent and important tasks which must be done the same day.
  2. Schedule - important, but not-so-urgent tasks.
  3. Delegate - urgent and less-important tasks which must be done soon but are not priority to you can be delegated to others.
  4. Don’t do - unimportant and non-urgent tasks which aren’t necessary.
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16
Q

What is the Pareto Principle?

A

80% of results will come from 20% of action.
Helps to delegate tasks to which will have most impact.

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17
Q

What are the 5 key principles to goal setting according to Locke and Latham?

A

Commitment
Clarity - specificity
Challenge - degree of difficulty
Complexity - degree of goals demands.
Feedback - progress reporting.

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18
Q

What are the levels of listening?

A

Level 1 - superficial. Listen inwards then talk about whats of interest to you.

Level 2 - listen then answer with what you think they want/expect you to say,

Level 3 - concentrated. Listen deeply, ask follow-up questions, understanding.

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19
Q

What are the main features of the cerebral cortex?

A

Grey matter.
Frontal lobe - cognitive function, thinking, planning and organising.
Parietal lobe - sensory information - taste, texture, and temperature
Temporal lobe - sense of smell, taste, and sound, as well as memory. Linked to hippocampus and limbic system.
Occipital lobe - recognise images and stores them in memory.

20
Q

What structures make up the limbic system?

A

Hippocampus
Thalamus
Hyothalamus
Basal ganglia

21
Q

What features make up a neuron?

A

Dendrites
Axons
Myeline sheaths
Nodes of ranvier
Schwann’s cells
Terminal Buttons

22
Q

Which part of the brain is responsible for speech?

A

Broca area.

23
Q

What is the brainstem?

A

Responsible for automatic functions in the body.
Includes medulla oblongata, pons, and midbrain.

24
Q

What is the function of the cerebral aqueduct?

A

Provide a pathway for cerebrospinal fluid in the brain.

25
Q

Which part of the brain controls the pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamus.

26
Q

What is the conscious, emotional, and reptilian brain?

A

Conscious brain - cerebral cortex - thinking, planning, decisions.

Emotional brain - limbic system - concerned with processing memories, emotions, and forming relationships.

Reptilian brain - reticular brain - automatic neuro-reticulation i.e., automatic reactions to something and autonomic functions.

27
Q

What are the qualities of helpful feedback?

A

Specific
Constructive
Respectful
Succinct
Balanced

28
Q

What is the fact/impact feedback model

A

3 stages of giving feedback:
When you….
I thought…
I felt….

Fact, then impact.

29
Q

What is the EEC feedback model?

A

Example - what behaviour you observed.
Effect - on you or customer/patient/HCP.
Change - what change in behaviours/approach do you expect?

30
Q

What is the BOOST feedback model?

A

Balanced
Observed
Objective
Specific
Timelt.

31
Q

What is the conscious competence learning model?

A

Stages of learning something new:
1. Unconscious incompetenece - don’t know what you don’t know.
2. Conscious incompetence - know what you need to know but you don’t yet.
3. Conscious competence - you know it but have to think about it.
4. Unconscious competence - second nature

32
Q

What is self awareness?

A

Being aware of one’s own character and feelings.

33
Q

What is Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A

From the bottom up:
1. Physiological needs - air, water, food, sleep.
2. Safety needs - employment, health, resources, property.
3. Love and belonging - friendship, intimacy, family.
4. Esteem - respect, self-esteem, strength, freedom.
5. Self-actualisation - desire to become the most that one can be.

34
Q

What is the Johari window?

A

The johari window is a visual framework used to understand more about conscious and unconscious biases so you can improve self-awareness.g

Arena - known to you and others.
Blind spot - known to others but not you.
Facade - known to you but not others.
Unknown - known to no one.

35
Q

What’s an audit?

A

The processes for reducing risk, improving quality, and ensuring healthcare professionals are accountable for their practice.

36
Q

What are the steps in the audit cycle?

A
  1. Planning - choose audit topic and set a standard/goal (SMART).
  2. Data collection.
  3. Data analysis - compare data to goal/standard (% compliance).
  4. Implement changes to improve practice.
  5. Re-audit to review changes/improvements.
37
Q

What is ABCD of mosquito bites?

A

Awareness
Bite avoidance - during the day (yellow fever, dengue fever, zika virus) and at night (malaria).
Chemoprophylaxis - atovaquone/proguanil. chloroquine, doxycycline, mefloquine.
Diagnosis - 6 days-12 months after bite. Urgent medical attention required.

38
Q

Facts about DEET?

A

Duration of protection does not increase with concentrations over 50%.
Can be used in pregnant women.
Can decrease SPF sun cream protection when used together.

39
Q

Which travel diseases are not offered as a travel vaccination?

A

Malaria - tablets.
Chikungunya - no vaccine
Dengue fever - no vaccine
HPV - given as routine

40
Q

What are some roles of a community pharmacists/pharmacy staff in care homes?

A

Collecting prescriptions
Dispensing
Safe medicines use
Audit
Delivery of medicines
Advice and support

41
Q

What is the care quality commission?

A

The independent body which regulates and inspects health and social care services in England.

42
Q

How should medicines be disposed of?

A

Tablets and caps - keep in blister pack and put in medicines waste bin.
Liquids - keep in bottle and put in medicines waste bin.
Needles - sharps bin.

CDs:
Expired - denature. Witness and CD register entry required for schedule 2 (good practice for 3).
Patient return - denature. Witness not required but can have staff member witness. No CD entry, but make seperate record if CD2.

43
Q

Conditions for emergency supply at request from prescriber.

A

Must be an emergency and a prescription cannot be provided.
A prescription must be provided within 72 hours.
Not applicable for CD 1,2,3 except phenobarbital.
Recorded in POM register.

44
Q

Conditions for emergency supply at request from patients.

A

Interview patient.
Immediate need.
Previous treatment.
Dose correct.
Not for CDs 1,2,3 except phenobarbital.
Max 5 days (CDs) or 30 days (other).
For insulin, ointment, or inhaler, give smallest pack size.
Entry in POM register.
“Emergency supply” on label.

45
Q

AF?

A

CHADVASC >2 = DOAC or warfarin.
Assess bleeding risk.