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Histology > Exam2Lec5Ear > Flashcards

Exam2Lec5Ear Flashcards

1
Q

What is the fxn of the outer ear?

A

receives incoming sound waves

hearing + equilibrium

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2
Q

hearing involves gathering sound by the ____ ear, amplification by the ____ ear, and transmitting vibrations from air to fluid in the ____ ear, converting vibrations to nerve impulses

A

outer, middle, inner

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3
Q

Equilibrium involves structures of the ____ ear for angular position sense and linear accelearation.

A

inner

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4
Q

How does sound travel within the outer ear?

A

auricle (pinna), external auditory meatus, tympanic mem (eardrum)

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5
Q

What is outer ear lined with?

A

keratinized Strat sq epti + elastic cart

auricle specificcally is covered by this

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6
Q

What lines the external auditory meatus and what does it contain ?

A

Lined by skin and contains ceruminous glands

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7
Q

What covers the outer surface of tympanic membrane?

A

covered by skin

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8
Q

What produces ear wax?

A

ceruminous glands

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9
Q

What is the fxn of the middle ear?

A

transmits sounds from outer to inner ear

more specifically from tympanic membrane to inner ear

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10
Q

Structures of the middle ear

A
  1. tympanic cavity
  2. auditory or eustachian tube
  3. auditory ossicles
  4. oval and round window
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11
Q

Where is the middle ear housed in and what is this structure lined with?

A

housed in: tympanic cavity
lined w/ simple sq epith (from ectoderm)

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12
Q

What structure is important for rebounding sound?

A

round window

releaves pressure by dampeneing reflection bacl

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13
Q

The auditory (eustachian) tube is located in what part of the ear and what type of epithelium is it lined with?

A

within middle ear
ciliated pseudo colum epith

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14
Q

What is the fxn of auditory (eustachian) tube?

A

connects middle ear to nasopharynx
helps to change prressure in order to maintain equilibrium

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15
Q

Middle and inner ear is sep by two small thin membranes, what are they?

A

oval and round window

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16
Q

What are the osscile of the middle ear?

A

malleus, incus, stapes, oval window

stapes pushes on oval window, malleus pushed by tympanic membrane

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17
Q

The middle ear has 2 small muscles, what are they and what do they help with?

A

Stapedius and tensor, helps regulated vibration to dampen loud sound

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18
Q

What is the fxn of the inner ear?

A

hearing and balance (equilibrium)

contains sensorineural organs

19
Q

Structures of the inner ear

A
  1. bony labyrinth and vesitibule, semicirc canals, and cochlea
  2. Membranous labyrinth and its utricle, sacule, semirc ducts, cochlear duct, maculae, crista ampullaris, organ of corti
20
Q

What is the bony labyrinth filled with? What does it contain?

A

Filled with perilymph
contains: vestibule + semicircular canals + cochlea

carved out of (space within) temporal bone

21
Q

What is the membranous labyrinth filled with? What does it contain?

A

filled with endolymph
contains: saccule + utricle + semicirc ducts + cochlear duct

22
Q

Explain how sound goes through the cochlea

A
  1. Scala media=cochlear duct contains the cochlea which converts vibrations in the perilymoh in the scala vestibuli and endolymph in the cochlear duct
  2. intenal ear fluid movemnt from vibration of oval window sets a vibration in the basilar membrane and results in movement in the hair cells and then nerve impulses
23
Q

What structure is responsible for hearing?

A

cochlea

24
Q

What is the cochlea covered by and what does it contain?

A

Covered by bony labryinth and contains the cochlear duct covered by membranous labyrinth

25
Q

What are the 3 chambers of the cochlea?

A

scala vestibuli, media, and tympani

26
Q

Cochelar duct=

A

scala media (w/endolymph)

27
Q

What 4 struc does the cochlea contain?

A
  1. Organ of corti
  2. Hair cells w/ stereocilia
  3. Tectorial memb rane
  4. Basilar membrane
28
Q

Fxn of organ of corti

A

receptor for hearing

29
Q

Fxn of hair cells w/ stereocilia?

A

Convert sound to neural impulse

30
Q

What is the fxn of the tectorial membrane?

A

attached to hair cells

31
Q

Fxn of the basilar membrane

A

supports organ of cort
generates diff sound frequences

32
Q

The base (narrow portion) of basilar membrane generation what pitch of sound?

A

high pitch

33
Q

The apex (wide portion) of basilar membrane generation what pitch of sound?

A

low

34
Q

Displacement of stereoclilia in hair cells of tectorial membrane results in generation of what?

A

Action potential

35
Q

What are the steps of sound transmission?

A
  1. Sound travels up scala vestibuli –>makes waves in perilymph–> transferred to scala media (endolymph)
  2. Waves in endolymph move basilar membrane –> stimulates hair cells –>stereocilia move against tectorial membrane
  3. Sound is turned into action potential –> neural impulses
36
Q

Excess vibration travel down ____ and is absorbed by ____.

A

scala tympani, round window

37
Q

The crista ampullaris is located where?

A

In the semicircular duct (membranous labyrinth) in the inner ear

38
Q

What is the fxn of the crista ampullaris?

A

sensor of angular motion (acceleration)

39
Q

What is the crista ampullaris covered by?

A

Cupula=gelatinous membrane

movement of endolymph in the duct displaces the cupula, this stimulates hair cells

40
Q

Where is the maculae located?

A

In the saccule + utricle of the vesitble

can word it as “ the saccule of the vestibule”

41
Q

What is the fxn of the maculae?

A

gravity + linear acceleration

42
Q

What is the maculae covered by?

A

Otoconia=little crysrals that push down on stereocillia of hair cells

the otolithihc membrane underlies the otoconia and is displace during acceleration

43
Q

What is the kinocilium?

A

Microtubules that interact w/ sterocilia displacd by otoconia

movements towards kinocilium opens channels, movemnt away closes channels

44
Q

What innervates the ear?

A

Vestibular (come of semi circ canals) and cochlear (come off spiral ganglion) nerves

Histology (39 decks)

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