Exam1Lec6Cartilage Flashcards
What are the three types of cartilage?
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Which cartilage is most abundant?
Hyaline
a type of specialized connective tissue
Where is hyaline found?
found in the embryo as early skeleton, articular surfaces, joints, epiphyseal plates and the respiratory system.
epiphyseal plate is the cartilagenous plate between diaohyses and epiphyses
Where is elastic cartilage is found?
auricle, epiglottis, auditory tubes
Where is fibrocartilage found?
Intervetebral discs and symphysis pubis, menisci, joints
What is hyaline cartilage composed of?
Lacunae which is a space that houses chondrocytes, and surrounded by a glassy appearing EC matrix
fxn is provided by EC matric
cellulary composition=chondrocytes which are housed in lacunae & surrounded by ECM
What is the primary fiber type in the EC matrix?
Collagen type 2
this is made and maintaned by chondrocytes.
chondrocytes produce type 1 collagen
ECM also contains collagen IX, X, and XI
What is collagen 1?
collagen we see in bone (all of the ec matrix is replaced by bone matrix)
What forms proteoglycan matrixes in the ground susbtance?
EC matrix contains glycosaminoglycans, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and keratin sulfate
The matrix hold the hydration high for the cartilage. Why is this impt?
Diffusion of nutrients since cartilage is an avascular and for cushioning bc water does not compress
cartilage has no vascular supply, and water makes it easier for diffusion
What type of tissue is perichondrium? What does it contain?
Dense irregular connective tissue that contains chondroBLASTS whic hare the precursor for chondrocytes.
What is appositional growth?
Where chondroblasts differentiate to chondrocytes to add new cells to the outside of the cartilage
seen both in bone and cartilage
growth is to the surface of the cartilage
What is interstitial growth?
Growth through the division of chondrocytes within the lacunae which lay down new matrix and form new lacunae
you see isogenous groups where cells inside matrix divides and grows apart. This is not seen in bone.
growth is from the inside of cartilage
How can perichondrium be found?
It usually surrounds the hyaline cartilage in some areas like the trachea. In other areas it may cover some of the surfaces. It is absent at articular surfaces of joints
surrounds hyaline + elastic cafrtilage
Chondrocytes are sometimes found in clusters termed
isogenous groups
cluster of chondrocytes
Elastic cartilage is made up of what?
Chondrocytes, lacunae. and posseses a perichondrium.
elastic cartilage look alot like hyaline cartilage but the main difference is the abundance of elastic fibers in the matrix
What is the main difference between elastic and hyaline cartilage?
elastic cartilage look alot like hyaline cartilage but the main difference is the abundance of elastic fibers in the matrix. Elastic also have more cells, no milky glassy background and has less emptiness. No pink in elastic cartilage bc no collagen (stained pink)
How are the chondrocytes dispersed?
Among collagen fibers with a small amount of matrix
Which type of cartilage can withstand compression and shear forces?
Fibrocartilage
What is the cellular composisition of fibrocartilage?
Few number of Chondrocytes that are housed in lacunae and surrounded by ECM. Chondrocytes produce type 1 collagen fibers. (thats why we see a lighter purple becoming pink background in image)
What is box 1?
lacunae
larynx
What is the dark stain around the structure for box 1?
territorial matrix or capsule, this is here bc of a higher concentration of proteoglycans around the lacunae
larynx
What is box 2?
perichondrium
larynx
What is box 3?
Chondrocytes
larynx
What is box 1?
Hyaline cartilage
What is box 2?
Perichondrium
What is box 1?
Hyaline cartilage
What is box 2 (white space)?
Matrix
What is box 3 (white space)?
matrix
What is this picture?
Hyaline cartilage
What is box 1?
Elastic cartilage
external ear
What is box 1?
chondrocytes
external ear
What is box 2?
elastic fibers
external ear
What is box 3?
elastic cartilage
external ear
What is box 1 and box 2?
Box 1: fibrocartilage
Box 2: hyaline cartilage
pubic sympysis, NO PERICHONDRIUM
What is box 1 and 2?
Box 1: Fibrocartilage
Box 2: Chondrocytes in lacunae
intervetebral disk
