Exam 3 Ch. 14

Question 1

What were Darwins conclusions

Answer 1

Common Decent
Gradualism
Population Speciation
Natural Selection

Question 2

Common Decent conclusion

Answer 2

All diversity on earth emerged out of the evolution of one or a few common ancestors

Question 3

Gradualism

Answer 3

Evolution is a slow process

The world is much older than previously thought

Question 4

Population Speciation

Answer 4

Change in a species occurs as hereditary characteristics shift

Question 5

Natural Selection

Answer 5

Competition (struggle for life) is a reason a species may succeeed or not

Being able to adapt to the environment

Question 6

Who Influenced Darwin

Answer 6

Lamarck
Lyell
Malthus
Wallace
Cuvier

Question 7

How did Lamarck influence Darwin

Answer 7

Proposed species change over time by inheritance of acquired characteristics

Question 8

How did Lyell influence Darwin

Answer 8

Geological processes have gradually shaped earths surface proposing that earth must be far older than previously thought

Question 9

How did Malthus influence Darwin

Answer 9

Human populations grow faster than the resources they depend on. Weakest members will be killed off

Question 10

How did Wallace influence Darwin

Answer 10

Confirmed Darwins ideas on evolution

Question 11

How did Cuvier influence Darwin

Answer 11

The father of paleontology
He believed in catastrophism
Believed in fixity of species

Question 12

What is catastrophism

Answer 12

The appearence of new forms as replacing old forms de to local catastrophe

Question 13

Darwin vs. Lamarck Ideas

Answer 13

Darwin: Species suited to environment due to no will of their own
Natural selection is means for speciation

Lamarck: Evolution occured
Adaption is the cause of diversity
Inheritance of acquired traits
Complex forms come from less complex forms

Question 14

Is Darwin or Lamarck supported by genetics?

Answer 14

Darwin

Question 15

How did Darwin and Lamarck agree?

Answer 15

Life changed over time and was still changing
Living things change to become better suited to their environment
All organisms are related

Question 16

Evidence of Evolutionary Change

Answer 16

Fossil Evidence
Bio-geographical Evidence
Anatomical Evidence
Molecular Evidence

Question 17

What is Fossil Evidence

Answer 17

Fossils trapped in rock strata are the fossil record that tells us about the history of life
Shows simple to complex organisms

Question 18

What is Biogeographical Evidence

Answer 18

Study of distribution of organisms throughout the world. When forms are related they evolved in one locale and spread out to accessable regions

Question 19

What is Anatomical Evidence

Answer 19

Vestigial, Homologus, Analogous structures

Question 20

What is Molecular evidence

Answer 20

All living organisms use the same biochemical molecules including DNA ATP and nearly identical enzymes

Question 21

Example of Fossil evidence

Answer 21

Mesonychid to common whale

Question 22

Example of Biogeographical Evidence

Answer 22

Marsupials are only in Australia due to it floating away from south america and antarctica

Question 23

Example of Anatomical Evidence

Answer 23

Whales and snakes both have reminants of hip bones, but no legs

Question 24

Example of Molecular Evidence

Answer 24

Slight differences in the same genes`

Question 25

Practicle uses for evolution

Answer 25

Evolution of diseases to help guide medications and vaccinations (FLU?)