Exam 2 Ch.9

Question 1

What is an autosome

Answer 1

All chromosomes that are not sex chromosomes

Question 2

What is a sex chromosome

Answer 2

A chromosome involved with determining the sex of an organism

Question 3

Diploid

Answer 3

2n

Has two sets of chromosomes in all cells except sex

Question 4

Haploid

Answer 4

n

Has one set of chromosomes (gametes)

Question 5

Origin of Homologs

Answer 5

One set from each parent (Humans=23 from each)

Question 6

Define synapsis

Answer 6

The pairing of two homologous chromosomes that can allow crossing over

Question 7

Define Crossing over

Answer 7

The exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring

Question 8

Steps if Meiosis 1

Answer 8

Prophase 1
Metaphase 1
Anaphase 1
Telophase 1

Question 9

Steps of Meiosis 2

Answer 9

Prophase 2
Metaphase 2
Anaphase 2
Telophase 2

Question 10

Major events of Prophase 1

Answer 10

Tetrads form and crossing over occurs as chromosomes condense

Question 11

Major events of metaphase 1

Answer 11

Tetrads align at spindle equator

Question 12

Major events of Anaphase 1

Answer 12

Homologues separate

Dyads move to poles

Question 13

Major events of Telophase 1

Answer 13

Cell furrows

Nuclear envelope forms

Question 14

Major events of Prophase 2

Answer 14

Nuclear envelope dissolves

Chromosomes condense

Question 15

Major events of Metaphase 2

Answer 15

Dyads align at spindle equator

Question 16

Major events of Anaphase 2

Answer 16

Sister chromosomes separate, becoming daughter chromosomes that move to the poles

Question 17

Major events of Telophase 2

Answer 17

Haploid daughter cells forming

Nuclear envelope forming

Question 18

Differences between Mitosis and Meiosis

Answer 18

Mitosis produces 2 genetically identical diploid cells

Meiosis produces 4 genetically different haploid cells