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Physical Dysfunction Principles & Techniques > Exam 2 - PD Ch 9 > Flashcards

Exam 2 - PD Ch 9 Flashcards

1
Q

tactile sense

A

sensation received through the skin or hair receptors

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2
Q

deep pressure

A

tactile sensation of force applied to the skin

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3
Q

pain

A

unpleasant or noxious tactile sensation

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4
Q

thermal sensation

A

tactile sensation of heat or cold

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5
Q

proprioception

A

information about joint position & motion conveyed at an unconscious level from receptors in the mm, joints, ligaments and bones.

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6
Q

Sensation is the primary means of learning about the external world. T/F

A

true

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7
Q

feed-forward control

A
  • quicker than feed-back
  • used sensory info to predict what might happen to disturb movement
  • and to develop a motor plan
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8
Q

proprioception deficit

A

can’t sense position and motion of joints

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9
Q

tactile deficit

A

can’t sense contact with objects

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10
Q

Vision can compensate for prop. and tactile deficit. T/somewhat/F

A

somewhat

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11
Q

When sensation is absent (especially prop), what happens to affected parts?

A

affected parts may fail to function as if paralyzed

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12
Q

Purpose of sensory testing:

A
  • type & extent of sensory loss
  • provides documentation of sensory loss pattern & recovery
  • assists in diagnosis
  • determine impairment & functional limitations
  • provides direction for OT intervention
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13
Q

Dx that require sensory testing:

A
  • peripheral nerve damage

- spinal cord

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14
Q

dermatome

A

specific area of sensory distribution via nerve root in spinal cord

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15
Q

T/F sensory testing is subjective

A

true

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16
Q

T/F -tactile sensitivity is critical to performance of all ADL’s.

A

true

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17
Q

T/F -if touch is impaired or absent the pt will not have intact pressure sensation.

A

false

  • pressure receptors are deeper (subcutaneous)
  • touch receptors are superficial
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18
Q

thermal sensation deficit pt.

A
  • must be taught burn prevention

- precautions against injury in ADL

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19
Q

if pain sensation is absent:

A

teach sensory compensation & safety awareness

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20
Q

olfactory(smell) acuity

A

varies greatly & declines with age

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21
Q

diminished sense of smell

A

hyposmia

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22
Q

parosmia

A

pleasant odors perceived as noxious or distorted

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23
Q

taste receptor cells located:

A

tongue, palate, pharynx, epiglottis & esophagus

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24
Q

4 basic tastes

A

sweet, sour, salty & bitter

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25
Q

kinesthesia

A

conscious sense of motion

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26
Q

perception

A

how the brain interprets sensory info received from the environment

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27
Q

stereognosis

A

ability to ID an object through prop., cognition & sense of touch

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28
Q

a deficit in stereognosis

A

astereognosis

OTA can test for this

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29
Q

graphesthesia

A

ability to recognize letters, shapes… drawn on skin

30
Q

agraphesthesia

A

loss of graphesthesia

31
Q

body scheme

A

awareness of body parts & position of body & parts in relation to themselves & environment

32
Q

asomatognosia

A

severe loss of body scheme

33
Q

right/left discrimination

A
  • part of body scheme

- extrapersonal space, interpersonal space or both

34
Q

unilateral inattention/unilateral neglect

A
  • failure to integrate perceptions from one side of the body or one side of body space
  • test by watching ADL’s
35
Q

finger agnosia

A

difficulty naming fingers on command or knowing which finger has been touched

36
Q

praxis

A
  • ability to plan & perform purposeful movement

- testing done by OTR

37
Q

apraxia

A

impairment in praxis

  • ideomotor
  • constructional
  • oral
  • dressing
38
Q

ideomotor apraxia

A
  • inability to perform a motor act on command but the motor act can be done automatically
  • testing done by OTR
39
Q

constructional apraxia

A
  • inability to copy, draw or construct a design on command or spontaneously
  • parietal lobe dysfunction
40
Q

dressing apraxia

A

can’t plan & perform the motor acts needed to dress oneself

41
Q

cognition

A

global mental functions

specific mental functions

42
Q

global mental functions

A

consciousness, orientation, sleep, temperament, personality, energy and drive

43
Q

specific mental functions

A

attn., memory thought, judgment, time management, problem solving, decision making, language, emotion regulation and experience of self.

44
Q

orientation

A

ongoing awareness of current situation, the environment and passage of time

45
Q

after severe TBI or CVA confusion about personal identity would indicate:

A

disorientation to person

46
Q

orientation

A

person, place & time

O x 3 (if ct. identifies all three)

47
Q

topographical orientation

A

awareness of position of self in relation to environment

48
Q

attention

A

active process which allows focus on environmental info and sensations relevant at a particular time

49
Q

attention involves using all of these simultaneously:

A 
alertness
selectivity
sustained effort
flexibility
mental tracking
50
Q

2 types of information processing relevant to attention

A

automatic and controlled processing

51
Q

automatic processing

A

is subcortical (not deliberately conscious)

52
Q

controlled processing

A

used when new information is being considered

53
Q

divided attentional deficit

A

can’t process all information required for task completion

54
Q

concentration

A

sustained focused attention for a period of time

55
Q

memory (see figure 9-4 pg 167 in PD text)

A
  • cognitive function

- retain and recall information

56
Q

declarative or explicit memory

A 
ability to recite information
2 types (episodic and semantic)
57
Q

episodic memory

A

a persons personal history & lifetime experiences

58
Q

semantic memory

A

general knowledge shared by groups of people (such as language and rules of social behavior)

59
Q

everyday memory

A

ability to remember information pertinent to daily life and keep track of daily events in proper sequence

60
Q

prospective memory

A

remember events set to occur at a future time

61
Q

executive functioning

A

includes higher order reasoning and planning functions such as global formation, planning, implementing the plan and effective performance

62
Q

perseveration

A

repeated motor acts, verbalizations or thoughts

63
Q

impulsivity

A

starting a task before making a plan

64
Q

abstract thinking

A
  • ability to see relationships between objects, events or ideas
  • to discriminate relevant from irrelevant
  • recognize absurdities
65
Q

frontal lobe damage can cause loss in

A

abstract thinking

66
Q

problem solving involves these cognitive functions:

A
  • attention
  • memory
  • planning
  • organization
  • reason
  • judgment making
67
Q

limited insight causes

A

impulsive unsafe behavior

68
Q

anosognosia

A

total inability to recognize deficits

69
Q

emotional liability

A

ability to recognize and discuss their deficits but can’t control them

70
Q

judgment

A

makes realistic decisions based on environmental information

71
Q

sequencing

A

organize an activity in logical timely steps

72
Q

dyscalculia

A

deficit in ability to perform simple calculations
can be:
-reading (alexia) the numbers
-writing (agraphia) the numbers
-spatial dyscalculia - spatial arrangement of numbers

Physical Dysfunction Principles & Techniques (24 decks)

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