Exam 2- PD Ch 8

Question 1

Whether the OT and the OTA can perform the same assessments or tests in the same manner and achieve the same results.

Answer 1

Service Competency

Question 2

If a pt has this muscle grade, they can perform all ordinary ADL without undue fatigue

Answer 2

Good (G) to Normal (N)

Question 3

If a pt has this muscle grade, they usually have low endurance and fatigue more easily than one with G or N strength. Can perform ADL independently but may require frequent rest periods.

Answer 3

Fair plus (F+)

Question 4

Pt with this muscle grade can move parts against gravity and perform light tasks that present little or no resistance.

Answer 4

Fair (F)

Question 5

For every day of hospitalization, ____ days are necessary to recondition back to prehospitalization status.

Answer 5

3

Question 6

If a pt has this muscle grade, the pt can perform some ADL with mechanical assistance, and ROM can be maintained independently. Considered below functional range

Answer 6

Poor (P)

Question 7

If muscle tone in lower extremeties is only F, ________ is not possible.

Answer 7

ambulation

Question 8

Pt with these 2 muscle grades are completely dependent and can perform ADL only with the aid of externally powered devices.

Answer 8

Trace (T) and zero (0)

Question 9

Purposes of evaluating muscle strength are:

Answer 9

1. Determine amt of mm power available and establish baseline for tx.
2. Assess how mm weakness is limiting performance of occupation.
3. Prevent deformities that can result from imbalances of strength of agonist and antagonist mm.
4. Determine need for assistive devices to compensate for reduced strength.
5. Aid in selection of activities within pt.’s capabilities.
6. Evaluate effectiveness of tx.

Question 10

When practitioner is measuring joint motion, what is the measure of the range available to that specific pt.?

Answer 10

PROM

Question 11

T/F- PROM indicates muscle strength

Answer 11

F- PROM for pt. needed to assign muscle grades correctly, because pt may have normal strength, but their ROM could be limited.

Question 12

Means of measuring maximal contraction of mm or muscle group.

Answer 12

MMT (Manual Muscle Test)

Question 13

Muscle test is primary evaluation for pt with:

Answer 13

lower motor neuron disorders, primary muscle diseases, and orthopedic dysfunction

Question 14

Criteria used to measure strength

Answer 14

1. mm contraction
2. ROM
3. Resistance

Question 15

The number of times mm can contract at maximum level

Answer 15

Muscle endurance

Question 16

Smooth, rhythmic interactions of muscle function

Answer 16

Muscle coordination

Question 17

Reasons MMT cannot be used accurately for pt.’s with spasticity

Answer 17

1. Muscles are hypertonic
2. Muscle tone and ability to perform movements are influenced by primitive reflexes and the position of the head and body in space.
3. Movements tend to occur in gross synergistic patterns, which makes isolating mm action and joint movement impossible.

Question 18

Detecting muscle activity by placing fingers over the muscle

Answer 18

Palpation

Question 19

Over development of muscle

Answer 19

hypertrophy

Question 20

Wasting away of muscle

Answer 20

atrophy

Question 21

Movements against gravity and applied resistance are performed in what plane?

Answer 21

Vertical (moving up)

Question 22

Graded manual resistance is used with which muscle grades?

Answer 22

Fair plus (F+) to Normal (N)

Question 23

Tests for weaker muscles (0, T, P, and P-) are often performed in what plane?

Answer 23

Horizontal (moving sideways)

Question 24

When testing weaker muscles in the horizontal plane, it is called ______ ______, which reduces the resistance to muscle power by eliminating the effect of gravity

Answer 24

gravity eliminated

Question 25

If a mm or mm group attempts to compensate for function of a weaker mm to accomplish desired movement, it is called

Answer 25

substitution

Question 26

T/F The pt.’s age, gender, body type, occupation, and avocations all influence amount of resistance that the examiner perceives to be appropriate.

Answer 26

T

Question 27

Procedure for MMT. 6 Basic steps are: (acronym: psp.org - it just helped Jason remember better. don’t even know if it’s a real website)

Answer 27

1. Position
2. Stabilize
3. Palpate
4. Observe
5. Resist
6. Grade

Question 28

Resistance is applied after subject has reached end of available ROM and attempts to break contraction

Answer 28

break test

Question 29

Useful tool when screening muscles for normal strength. Assesses the general strength and motion capabilities of the pt.

Answer 29

Functional Muscle Testing

Question 30

You all probably know motions by now, but if you need a refresher, start on p. 138 of PD book.

Answer 30

I might check them over for the muscles involved at least.