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Cell & Tissue Biology > Exam #2: Ear > Flashcards

Exam #2: Ear Flashcards

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1
Q

Where is the internal ear located?

A

Petrous portion of the temporal bone

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2
Q

External Acoustic Meatus, bone vs. cartilage

A
  • Lateral 1/3 is cartilage

- Medial 2/3 is bone (temporal)

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3
Q

What are the three layers of the TM?

A

1) External
2) Intermediate
3) Internal Surface

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4
Q

External Layer of the TM

A
  • Thin epidermis

- Stratified squamous epithelium

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5
Q

Intermediate Layer of the TM

A
  • Collagen, elastic fibers & fibroblasts

- Fibroblasts function in regeneration of the TM

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6
Q

Internal Surface of the TM

A

Simple cuboidal to simple squamous epithelium

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7
Q

What cell type lines the ossicles?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Malleus

A
  • Tensor Tympani Muscle
  • CN V
  • Function: to dampen loud sounds
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9
Q

Stapes

A
  • Stapidus Muscle
  • CN VII
  • Function: to dampen loud sounds
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10
Q

What type of epithelium lines the Eustachian/ auditory tube?

A
  • Remember: extension from the ear into the nasopharyx that takes on a respiratory epithelium
  • Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
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11
Q

Bony Labyrinth

A

Perilymph

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12
Q

Membranous Labyrinth

A

Endolymph

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13
Q

Cortilymphatic Space

A
  • Intercellular space in the Organ of Corti

- Perilymph-like composition

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14
Q

What is the cochlea coiled around?

A

Mediolus

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15
Q

Cochlea

A

Sound

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16
Q

Vestibule

A
  • Space between the cochlea & semicircular canals
  • Linear movement
  • Saccule & Utricle
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17
Q

Semicircular Canals

A
  • Rotational/ angular movement

- Amuplla region contains hair cells

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18
Q

Ampulla

A
  • Swelling in the semicircular canals as they attach to the vestibule, which contains hair cells
19
Q

Which part of the inner ear contains the oval window, and which contains the round window?

A
  • Oval window= vestibule

- Round window= cochlea

20
Q

Perilymph

A
  • Bony Labyrinth
  • ECF
  • High Na+, Low K+
21
Q

Endolymph

A
  • Membranous Labyrinth
  • ICF
  • High K+, Low Na+
22
Q

Crista Ampullaris

A
  • Sensory part of semicircular canals

- Rotational/ Angular movement

23
Q

Spiral Organ of Corti

A

Contains hair cells in the cochlea for hearing

24
Q

Movement Hair Cells: Type I vs. Type II

A
  • Type I= afferent neuron surrounds entire cell

- Type II= afferent neuron sits only at the base

25
Q

Kinocilia

A
  • Large pole region of cell

- Cilia structure

26
Q

Stereocilia

A
  • Smaller projects of the apex of the hair cell adjacent to kinocilia
  • Specializations of the plasma membrane
27
Q

What can increased pressure in the endolymph cause?

A
  • Accidental stimulation of the hair cells
  • Vertigo
  • Tinnitus
28
Q

Cupula

A
  • Gelatinous substance in the crista ampullaris that the hair cells imbed into
  • NO Otoliths associated
  • Type I & Type II hair cells
29
Q

Macula

A
  • Region of the utricle & saccule that contains sensory receptors
  • Linear movement
  • Otoliths
30
Q

What type of movement does the utricle sense?

A

Horizontal

31
Q

What they of movement does the saccule sense?

A

Vertical

32
Q

Three compartments of the cochlea (top–>bottom)

A

1) Scala Vestibule (Perilymph)
2) Scala Media (Endolymph)
3) Scala Tympani (Perilymph)

33
Q

Helicotrema

A

apex of the cochlear duct/ scala media

34
Q

Vestibular Membrane (Reissner’s Membrane)

A
  • Divides the Scala Vestibule from the Scala Media
  • Two layers of squamous epithelium
  • Tight junctions to maintain ion concentrations
35
Q

Scala Vascularis

A
  • Produces endolymph in the Scala Media

- Located on the lateral/outer wall

36
Q

Basilar Membrane

A
  • Divides the Scala Media & Scala Tympani

- Organ of Corti sits ontop

37
Q

Phalangeal Cells

A
  • Support the hair cells in the Organ of Corti

- Form the outer & inner tunnels that contain cortilymph

38
Q

Pillar Cells

A

Structural cells in the Organ of Corti

39
Q

Tectorial Membrane

A
  • Where hair cells imbed in the Organ of Corti
  • Contains Type II, V, & IX Collagen
  • Contains Otogelin & Tectorin, glycoproteins
40
Q

How are the hair cells of the Organ of Corti different from the other parts of the inner ear?

A
  • No kinocilium

- Stereocilia are all the same length/ symmetrical

41
Q

What is the difference between an inner & outer phalangeal cell?

A 
Inner= encompass the entire hair cell 
Outer= do NOT encompass the entire hair cell
42
Q

Vestibular Ganglion

A

Located in the internal auditory meatus

43
Q

Cochlear Ganglion

A

Located in the Cochlea

44
Q

Which end of the basilar membrane is responsible for high pitched sounds?

A

Base

Cell & Tissue Biology (25 decks)

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