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Pharmacology 1 > Exam 2: Analgesics 5: Alpha 2 agonists > Flashcards

Exam 2: Analgesics 5: Alpha 2 agonists Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 Alpha 2 agonists

A
  1. Dexmedetomidine

2. Xylazine

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2
Q

What are the 2 Alpha 2 antagonists

A
  1. Atipamezole

2. Yohimbine

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3
Q

What parts of the Nociception pathway do Alpha 2 agonists act on?

A
  1. Perception
  2. Modulation
  3. Transmission
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4
Q

Where are alpha 2 receptors located?

A

Brain and sC

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5
Q

What effect does a2 receptors have on insulin

A

Dec.

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6
Q

What effect does a2 receptors have on renin

A

dec

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7
Q

What effect does a2 receptors have on NE release

A

Dec

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8
Q

What effect does a2 receptors have on Pancreatic secretions

A

Dec

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9
Q

What is the most selective a2 agonist

A

Dexmedetomidine

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10
Q

Which a2 agonist has the fastest onset but shortest duration

A

Xylazine

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11
Q

T/F. A2 receptors are both sedatives and analgesics

A

T

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12
Q

what is the moa of a2 agonists

A

Competitive agonism of a2 receptors

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13
Q

What is the MOA of a2 agonists on the ANS?

A

competitive agonism of a1 receptors causing vasoconstriction

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14
Q

T/F. a2 agonists can cross the BBB

A

T

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15
Q

What are the 4 main effects of a2 agonists on the CNS

A
  1. sedation
  2. Pain modulation
  3. M relaxation
  4. Emesis
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16
Q

what is the emetic of choice for use in cats

A

Xylazine

17
Q

What are the 2 phases of the CVS effect of a2 agonists

A
  1. Peripherial phase

2. Central phase

18
Q

What happens in the peripheral phase?

A

Peripherial vasoconstriction leading to bradycardia

19
Q

What receptors mediate the peripheral phase?

A

a1

20
Q

What receptros mediate the central phase

A

a2

21
Q

What happens in the central phase?

A

dec. symphathetic tone leading to peripherial vasodilation. causing bradycardia and hypotension

22
Q

CO can dec. ____% with a2 agonists

A

30-50

23
Q

a2 agonists cause a dec. CO due to an inc.____

A

BP and reflex bradycardia

24
Q

T/F. all CVS effects due to a2 agonists are reversible

A

T

25
Q

T/F. a2 agonists may cause abortions in ruminants

A

T

26
Q

Specific competitive antagonist of Dexmedetomidine

A

Antipamezole

27
Q

Specific Competitive antagonist of xylazine

A

Yohimbine

28
Q

T/F. a2 antagonists only reverse sedative effects

A

F. will reverse sedation and analgesia

Pharmacology 1 (22 decks)

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