EXAM 1 Flashcards
The MHC is divided into how many major regions?
4
Which is not one one the 5 important factors in the functioning of antigens:
- Degradability
- Structural Stability
- Complexity
- Relativity
- Molecular weight
Relativity
MCH class I molecules include the regions:
A, B, C
T/F: Papain generates a single bivalent antigen-binding fragment.
False
This immunoglobulin variant is the dominant type found on the immunoglobulins of all animals in a species.
Isotype
What is the correct order for the phases of antibody response?
1) Lag phase
2) Log phase
3) Plateau phase
4) Decline phase
What are applications of monoclonal antibodies:
- Immunoassay development
- Classifications of leukemias and lymphomas
- Quantification of hormones
What is the correct order of the process of phagocytosis.
1) Chemotaxis
2) Adherence
3) Engulfment
4) Phagosome formation
5) Fusion
6) Digestion and destruction
Opsonization is the coating of organisms by which two molecules
Fc and C3
Adhesion
Upregulation of integrins promote activity of cell adhesion molecules on the endothelium
Tethering
First contact of leukocyte with endothelium
Triggering
Neutrophil is prepared to receive signals from chemokines
Monocytes and macrophages are the primary source of which polypeptide hormone:
IL-1
The cardinal signs of inflammation do not include:
- Pain
- Bruising
- Swelling
- Redness
Bruising
Chronic inflammation almost always leads to:
Fibrosis
The progressive stages of sepsis are:
Sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock
The sequence of component activation in the classic pathway is:
1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Which acute phase protein has greater specificity for proinflammatory markers for sepsis?
Procalcitonin
Which acute phase protein may help differentiate between bacterial and viral infections?
C-reactive protein
As a group, cytokines:
- Bind to specific membrane receptors on target cells
- Act close to the site of synthesis on the same cell or on a nearby cell
- Regulate receptor expression in T and B cells
This person is considered the “father of immunology”
Pasteur
The innate immune system has:
The 1st and 2nd line of defense
The adaptive immune system has all but:
An immediate protection component
The stem cell is a common ________ multipotential cell.
CD34+
Which is not a tissue sentinel cell in the innate immune system?
- Macrophage
- Neutrophil
- Mast cell
- Dendritic cell
Neutrophil
What is the order of the classical pathway stages?
1) Recognition
2) Amplification
3) Membrane Attack Complex
Which cell’s primary function is host defense against bacterial and fungal infections?
Neutrophil
Which cell is associated the most with allergic reactions?
Eosinophils
All of the microbes that inhabit different locations in our bodies are called:
Microbiome
What type of immunity does this mode of action belong in:
Antibodies in action
Humoral Mediated Immunity
What type of immunity does this mode of action belong in:
Direct cell-to-cell contact or soluble products secreted by cells
Cell Mediated Immunity
The characteristics of:
- rapid recognition of microbes
- use of widely expressed nonvariant receptors to recognize microbes
- receptors to distinguish self from non-self
are seen in which line of defense?
2nd
Which immunoglobulin is commonly found in tears and saliva?
IgA
T/F: Lymphatic fluid, lymphocytes, and antigens enter the lymph node through the efferent duct and exit through the afferent duct.
False
Which cell would not be considered to be part of the innate immune system?
T lymphs
What cell do these phrases/activities belong to:
- consistent concentration at a steady state
- respond to soluble mediator, interferon, from adaptive immune system
Macrophages
What cell do these phrases/activities belong to:
- highly variable concentration in peripheral circulating blood
- respond to soluble mediator, interleukin-17, from the adaptive immune system
Neutrophils
The IgM antibody class:
Has the highest molecular weight
The chemical composition of an antibody is:
Protein
The characteristic associated with IgD is:
Primarily a cell membrane immunoglobulin
Avidity is defined as:
Strength with which a multivalent antibody binds to a multivalent antigen
An appropriate description of IgG is:
Diffuses more readily into extravascular spaces, neutralizes toxins, and binds to microorganisms
Bonding of antigen to antibody exists exclusively as
Noncovalent bonding
The surface membrane marker for CD4 is found on:
Helper-induced T cells
The appropriate function of B lymphocytes is:
Humoral immune response
The surface marker for CD3 is found on:
All or most T lymphocytes
The process of aging causes the thymus to:
- Decrease in size
- Lose cellularity
Which of the following is not a characteristic of T lymphocytes?
Can synthesis and secrete immunoglobulin
The surface membrane marker for CD8 is found on:
Suppressor-cytotoxic T cells
A characteristic of myeloperoxidase deficiency is:
Mild-to-moderate defect in bactericidal ability of neutrophils
A characteristic of Chediak-Higashi Syndrome is:
Marked defect in cellular response to chemotaxis
The function of neutrophils is:
As primary phagocytic cells
The characteristic associated with colony stimulating factor is:
Stimulates hematopoietic growth factor
Which activity is associated with interferon?
Interferes with viral replication
Which of the following conditions can be associated with hypercomplementemia?
Myocardial infarction
The __________ terminates in a membrane attack complex
- Classic Pathway
- Alternative Pathway
Generation of an active (C3bBb) C3 convertase is seen in
Alternative Pathway
All of the following are complement controlling proteins except:
- C1 (INH)
- Factor I
- Factor H
- C3
C3
Which pathway requires a humoral immune response?
Classic Pathway
Which is not one of the 4 main sources of Biological Response Mediators?
Neutrophils
In adaptive immunity acquired by active natural immunity, the duration of the presence of circulating antibody is ________ some other types of responses.
Longer than
In adaptive immunity the mode of acquisition of passive natural immunity is:
Transfer in vivo or by colostrum
Which is not a component of the alternative pathway?
- C3
- C4
- Factor H
- Factor I
C4
protein family that is involved in forming a network of cellular interactions in the immune system?
- the immunoglobulin family
- the integrin family
- the selectin family
