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Immuno > EXAM 1 > Flashcards

EXAM 1 Flashcards

1
Q

The MHC is divided into how many major regions?

A

4

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2
Q

Which is not one one the 5 important factors in the functioning of antigens:

  • Degradability
  • Structural Stability
  • Complexity
  • Relativity
  • Molecular weight
A

Relativity

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3
Q

MCH class I molecules include the regions:

A

A, B, C

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4
Q

T/F: Papain generates a single bivalent antigen-binding fragment.

A

False

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5
Q

This immunoglobulin variant is the dominant type found on the immunoglobulins of all animals in a species.

A

Isotype

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6
Q

What is the correct order for the phases of antibody response?

A

1) Lag phase

2) Log phase

3) Plateau phase

4) Decline phase

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7
Q

What are applications of monoclonal antibodies:

A
  • Immunoassay development
  • Classifications of leukemias and lymphomas
  • Quantification of hormones
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8
Q

What is the correct order of the process of phagocytosis.

A

1) Chemotaxis

2) Adherence

3) Engulfment

4) Phagosome formation

5) Fusion

6) Digestion and destruction

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9
Q

Opsonization is the coating of organisms by which two molecules

A

Fc and C3

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10
Q

Adhesion

A

Upregulation of integrins promote activity of cell adhesion molecules on the endothelium

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11
Q

Tethering

A

First contact of leukocyte with endothelium

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12
Q

Triggering

A

Neutrophil is prepared to receive signals from chemokines

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13
Q

Monocytes and macrophages are the primary source of which polypeptide hormone:

A

IL-1

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14
Q

The cardinal signs of inflammation do not include:

  • Pain
  • Bruising
  • Swelling
  • Redness
A

Bruising

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15
Q

Chronic inflammation almost always leads to:

A

Fibrosis

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16
Q

The progressive stages of sepsis are:

A

Sepsis, severe sepsis, septic shock

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17
Q

The sequence of component activation in the classic pathway is:

A

1, 4, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

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18
Q

Which acute phase protein has greater specificity for proinflammatory markers for sepsis?

A

Procalcitonin

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19
Q

Which acute phase protein may help differentiate between bacterial and viral infections?

A

C-reactive protein

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20
Q

As a group, cytokines:

A
  • Bind to specific membrane receptors on target cells
  • Act close to the site of synthesis on the same cell or on a nearby cell
  • Regulate receptor expression in T and B cells
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21
Q

This person is considered the “father of immunology”

A

Pasteur

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22
Q

The innate immune system has:

A

The 1st and 2nd line of defense

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23
Q

The adaptive immune system has all but:

A

An immediate protection component

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24
Q

The stem cell is a common ________ multipotential cell.

A

CD34+

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25
Q

Which is not a tissue sentinel cell in the innate immune system?

  • Macrophage
  • Neutrophil
  • Mast cell
  • Dendritic cell
A

Neutrophil

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26
Q

What is the order of the classical pathway stages?

A

1) Recognition

2) Amplification

3) Membrane Attack Complex

27
Q

Which cell’s primary function is host defense against bacterial and fungal infections?

A

Neutrophil

28
Q

Which cell is associated the most with allergic reactions?

A

Eosinophils

29
Q

All of the microbes that inhabit different locations in our bodies are called:

A

Microbiome

30
Q

What type of immunity does this mode of action belong in:

Antibodies in action

A

Humoral Mediated Immunity

31
Q

What type of immunity does this mode of action belong in:

Direct cell-to-cell contact or soluble products secreted by cells

A

Cell Mediated Immunity

32
Q

The characteristics of:

  • rapid recognition of microbes
  • use of widely expressed nonvariant receptors to recognize microbes
  • receptors to distinguish self from non-self

are seen in which line of defense?

A

2nd

33
Q

Which immunoglobulin is commonly found in tears and saliva?

A

IgA

34
Q

T/F: Lymphatic fluid, lymphocytes, and antigens enter the lymph node through the efferent duct and exit through the afferent duct.

A

False

35
Q

Which cell would not be considered to be part of the innate immune system?

A

T lymphs

36
Q

What cell do these phrases/activities belong to:

  • consistent concentration at a steady state
  • respond to soluble mediator, interferon, from adaptive immune system
A

Macrophages

37
Q

What cell do these phrases/activities belong to:

  • highly variable concentration in peripheral circulating blood
  • respond to soluble mediator, interleukin-17, from the adaptive immune system
A

Neutrophils

38
Q

The IgM antibody class:

A

Has the highest molecular weight

39
Q

The chemical composition of an antibody is:

A

Protein

40
Q

The characteristic associated with IgD is:

A

Primarily a cell membrane immunoglobulin

41
Q

Avidity is defined as:

A

Strength with which a multivalent antibody binds to a multivalent antigen

42
Q

An appropriate description of IgG is:

A

Diffuses more readily into extravascular spaces, neutralizes toxins, and binds to microorganisms

43
Q

Bonding of antigen to antibody exists exclusively as

A

Noncovalent bonding

44
Q

The surface membrane marker for CD4 is found on:

A

Helper-induced T cells

45
Q

The appropriate function of B lymphocytes is:

A

Humoral immune response

46
Q

The surface marker for CD3 is found on:

A

All or most T lymphocytes

47
Q

The process of aging causes the thymus to:

A
  • Decrease in size
  • Lose cellularity
48
Q

Which of the following is not a characteristic of T lymphocytes?

A

Can synthesis and secrete immunoglobulin

49
Q

The surface membrane marker for CD8 is found on:

A

Suppressor-cytotoxic T cells

50
Q

A characteristic of myeloperoxidase deficiency is:

A

Mild-to-moderate defect in bactericidal ability of neutrophils

51
Q

A characteristic of Chediak-Higashi Syndrome is:

A

Marked defect in cellular response to chemotaxis

52
Q

The function of neutrophils is:

A

As primary phagocytic cells

53
Q

The characteristic associated with colony stimulating factor is:

A

Stimulates hematopoietic growth factor

54
Q

Which activity is associated with interferon?

A

Interferes with viral replication

55
Q

Which of the following conditions can be associated with hypercomplementemia?

A

Myocardial infarction

56
Q

The __________ terminates in a membrane attack complex

A
  • Classic Pathway
  • Alternative Pathway
57
Q

Generation of an active (C3bBb) C3 convertase is seen in

A

Alternative Pathway

58
Q

All of the following are complement controlling proteins except:

  • C1 (INH)
  • Factor I
  • Factor H
  • C3
A

C3

59
Q

Which pathway requires a humoral immune response?

A

Classic Pathway

60
Q

Which is not one of the 4 main sources of Biological Response Mediators?

A

Neutrophils

61
Q

In adaptive immunity acquired by active natural immunity, the duration of the presence of circulating antibody is ________ some other types of responses.

A

Longer than

62
Q

In adaptive immunity the mode of acquisition of passive natural immunity is:

A

Transfer in vivo or by colostrum

63
Q

Which is not a component of the alternative pathway?

  • C3
  • C4
  • Factor H
  • Factor I
A

C4

64
Q

protein family that is involved in forming a network of cellular interactions in the immune system?

A
  • the immunoglobulin family
  • the integrin family
  • the selectin family

Immuno (23 decks)

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