CH 16 - Vector-Borne Diseases

Question 1

Common vectors of Lyme disease include all of the following except:

• I. pacificus
• I. scapularis
• I. ricinus
• D. variabilis

Answer 1

D. variabilis

Question 2

The only continent without Lyme disease is:

Answer 2

Antarctica

Question 3

The primary reservoir in nature for B. burgdorferi is the:

Answer 3

White-footed mouse

Question 4

The first B. burgdorferi antigen to elicit an antibody response is:

Answer 4

Flagellar 41-kDa polypeptide

Question 5

On average, the incidence of infection after an I. scapularis tick bite in an endemic area is:

Answer 5

3%

Question 6

Erythema chronicum migrans (ECM):

Answer 6

Harbors B. burgdorferi in the advancing edge

Question 7

The predominant symptoms of Lyme meningitis are:

Answer 7

Severe headache and mild neck stiffness

Question 8

Cardiac involvement in Lyme disease may include:

Answer 8

Conduction abnormalities

Question 9

Ocular involvement in Lyme disease includes all of the following except:

Answer 9

Conjunctivitis

Question 10

Pregnancy in Lyme disease:

Answer 10

Has been associated with transplacental infection

Question 11

The most useful test for distinguishing between true-positive and false-positive serologic test results in Lyme disease is:

Answer 11

Polymerase chain reaction

Question 12

Lyme disease prevention methods include which of the following:

Answer 12

1. Wearing light-colored clothes

AND

2. Tucking pants into socks

AND

3. Applying insect repellent to skin and clothes

Question 13

Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne disease in the United States, is a major health hazard for:

Answer 13

Dogs, Horses/Cattle, and Humans

Question 14

Lyme disease is a ________ type of infection.

Answer 14

Bacterial

Question 15

The first Native American case of what would later be called Lyme disease occurred in:

Answer 15

Wisconsin

Question 16

The median length of time for stage 1 of Lyme disease is:

Answer 16

4 weeks

Question 17

Common signs and symptoms as manifestation after infection in stage 1 of Lyme disease are:

Answer 17

Cutaneous (e.g., erythema chronicum migrans)

Question 18

In stage 3 of Lyme disease, the length of time after initial infection is:

Answer 18

Weeks to years

Question 19

In stage 3 of Lyme disease, in addition to late neurologic complications, another clinical manifestation can be:

Answer 19

Arthritis

Question 20

Unlike some procedures, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay can be used to detect Lyme disease–causing organisms in:

Answer 20

Synovial fluid

Question 21

Antigen detection systems in Lyme disease testing screen for ______ (21) rather than for ______ (22) associated with the infection.

Answer 21

21) Antigenic products

22) Antibody

Question 22

A patient who has a specific Lyme disease–associated manifestation may be treated with:

Answer 22

Antibiotic

Question 23

Ehrlichia spp. belong to the same family as the organism that causes:

Answer 23

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

Question 24

One of the most common physical findings in adults with ehrlichiosis is:

Answer 24

Fever

Question 25

Definitive diagnosis of ehrlichiosis requires:

Answer 25

Acute and convalescent serum antibody titers

Question 26

In human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (anaplasmosis), the diagnosis is confirmed by seroconversion or by a single serologic titer of _____ in patients with a supporting history and clinical symptoms.

Answer 26

1:80

Question 27

In the eastern United States, babesiosis is caused by:

Answer 27

B. microti

Question 28

Babesiosis is characterized by:

Answer 28

Fever, Fatigue, and Hemolytic Anemia

Question 29

Babesia organisms can be found in:

Answer 29

Peripheral blood

Question 30

West Nile virus causes:

Answer 30

Encephalitis

Question 31

Zika virus is primarily transmitted by:

Answer 31

Mother to fetus