CH 3 - Antigens and Antibodies Flashcards
A synonym for an antigenic determinant is:
Epitope
Genetically different individuals of the same species are referred to as:
Allogenic
Antigenic substances can be composed of:
- Large polysaccharides
- Proteins
- Glycoproteins
Which of the following characteristics of an antigen is the least
important?
Presence of large repeating polymers
The chemical composition of an antibody is:
Protein
The IgM antibody class:
Has the highest molecular weight
The IgG antibody calss:
Has the highest plasma or serum concentration in normal individuals
The IgA antibody class:
Can exist as a dimer
The IgE antibody class:
Has the shortest half-life
The IgD antibody class:
Has no known subclasses
The characteristic associated with IgG is:
Increase in infectious diseases, collagen disorders, and hematologic disorders
The characteristic associated with IgM is:
Produced earliest in the immune response
The characteristic associated with IgA is:
Predominant immunoglobulin in secretions
The characteristic associated with IgD is:
Primarily a cell membrane immunoglobulin
The characteristic associated with IgE is:
Mediates some types of hypersensitivity reactions
A characteristic of an isotype is:
Dominant type found on immunoglobulins of all animals of a species
A characteristic of an allotype is:
Found on the immunoglobulins of some, but not all, animals of a species
A characteristic of an idiotype is:
Individual determinants characteristic of each antibody
Arrange the sequence of events of a typical antibody response.
1) Lag phase
2) Log phase
3) Plateau
4) Decline
Which of the following statements is false about an anamnestic response versus a primary response?
- Has a shorter lag phase
- Has a longer plateau
- Antibodies decline more gradually
- IgM antibodies predominate
IgM antibodies predominate
Which type of antibody is capable of placental transfer?
IgG
Specificity is defined as:
Ability of an antibody to combine with one antigen instead of another
Affinity is defined as:
Strength of a bond between a single antigenic determinant and an individual combining site
Avidity is defined as:
Strength with which a multivalent antibody binds to a multivalent antigen
Immune complex is defined as:
Noncovalent combination of an antigen with its respective specific antibody
Which of the following type(s) of bonding is (are) involved in antigen–antibody reactions?
- Hydrophobic
- Hydrogen
- Van der Waals
Monovalent antibodies have also been referred to as:
Incomplete antibodies
Which of the following is an accurate statement about monoclonal antibodies (MAbs)?
- MAbs are antibodies engineered to bind to a single epitope
- MAbs are purified antibodies cloned from a single cell
- MAbs are used to classify and identify specific cellular membrane characteristics
Antigens are characterized as:
Can be glycolipids or glycoproteins
The immunogenicity of an antigen depends greatly on:
Its degree of foreignness
Antibodies are also referred to as:
Immunoglobulins
An appropriate description of IgM is:
Accounts for 10% of the Ig pool, largely confined to the intravascular
space
An appropriate description of IgG is:
Diffuses more readily into extravascular spaces, neutralizes toxins,
and binds to microorganisms
An appropriate description of IgA is:
Found in tears, saliva, colostrum, milk, and intestinal secretions
An appropriate description of IgE is:
Mediates some types of hypersensitivity
An appropriate description of IgD is:
Makes up less than 1% of total immunoglobulins
Label the components of the basic immunoglobulin (Ig) configuration in the following figure:
40: fab segment
41: Fc segment
Which of the following characterizes IgM?
- Composed of five basic subunits
- Less efficient in the activation of the complement cascade and agglutination than IgG
- Less response in an initial antibody response
- Predominant in a secondary (anamnestic) response
Composed of five basic subunits
Label the four phases of an antibody response on the following figure
43: Lag
44: Log
45: Plateau
46: Decline
In a secondary (anamnestic) response, a characteristic feature is:
IgG is the predominant antibody type
Bonding of antigen to antibody exists exclusively as:
Noncovalent bonding
The strongest bond of antigen and antibody chiefly results from the:
Goodness of fit
Monoclonal antibodies have the characteristic of:
Cloned from a single cell
