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1. Infection & Immunity > Erysipelothrix, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus > Flashcards

Erysipelothrix, Corynebacterium, Rhodococcus Flashcards

1
Q

Genus Erysipelothrix

A

Produces erysipeloid disease thats zoonotic and occupational
Humans acquire after direct contact

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2
Q

Important species under Erysipelothrix

A

E. rhusiopathiae **
E. tonsillarum (clinical disease)
E. inopinata

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3
Q

E. rhusiopathiae

A

Gram +, filamentous, urease and catalase -, non spore forming, H2S production
Anaerobe that grows with glucose in 5-10% CO2

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4
Q

What is E. rhusiopathiae survival

A

Resistant to drying, withstands salting, pickling and smoking
Survives 6 months in swine feces, fish slime at cool temps

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5
Q

E. rhusiopathiae distribution

A

Sewage, surface slime of fresh and saltwater fish and soil

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6
Q

___________ most prominent reservoir for E. rhusiopathiae

A

SWINE

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7
Q

Transmission of E. rhusiopathiae

A

Ingestion of contaminated material and arthropod bites (open wound for bacteria to invade)
In people that handle meat (butcher, farmer, etc)

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8
Q

E. rhusiopathiae septicemic infection in swine

A

Acute form
Causes vomiting, stiff gait, palpable skin, high mortality if untreated
Smooth colonies

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9
Q

E. rhusiopathiae skin form in swine

A

Mild red to purle rohboidals “Diamond skin lesion” with mild fever

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10
Q

E. rhusiopathiae chronic form in swine

A

Localization
Endocarditis, polyarthritis, stiffness, enlargement of joints, abortion
Forms rough colonies

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11
Q

E. rhusiopathiae in birds

A

Septicemic from in turkeys, cyanotic skin , droopy and death

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12
Q

E. rhusiopathiae in sheep

A

Polyarthritis in common

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13
Q

E. rhusiopathiae in dogs

A

Arthritis and endocarditis

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14
Q

E. rhusiopathiae in humans

A

Erysepeloid infection of the skin and subcutis

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15
Q

How are E. rhusiopathiae organisms grouped

A

A (acute) or B & N (chronic)
Based on agglutination detection of somatic Ag

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16
Q

What treats E. rhusiopathiae?

A

Penicillin in swine and turkeys
Vx
Hyper-immune equine serum for therapy if outbreak occurs

17
Q

What antibiotics is E. rhusiopathiae resistant to?

A

Sulfonamides, aminoglycosides and vancomycin

18
Q

Genus Corynebacterium

A

Catalase and Gram +, pleomorphic, non-spore forming, nonmotile and branching
Occurs in paralel or “Chinese letters” called diphtheroid

19
Q

Prominent Corynebacterium pathogens

A

C. pseudotuberculosis and C. renale (C. pilosum and cystitidis)

20
Q

C. pseudotuberculosis

A

Worldwide and found in equids, sheep, goats, cattle, buffalo, camelids
Direct contact and aerosol transmission
Soil dwelling
Portal of entry is wounds

21
Q

Ulcerative lymphangitis and ventral abscess (Pigeon Fever in Horses)

A

3 forms:
1. Ulcerative lymphangitis/ limb infection
2. External abscesses
3. Internal infection

22
Q

C. (ovis) pseudotuberculosis

A

In sheep and goat an agent of caseous lymphadenitis with chronic abscess of peripheral LN
Metastitic lesions with thin ewe syndrome

23
Q

What does C. pseudotuberculosis cause in bovine?

A

Abscess and mastitis

24
Q

Treatment of C. pseudotuberculosis

A

Lancing and draining, surgical excision, formalin injection of lesions, systemic and intralesional antibiotics
Culling/ segregation
Equine abscess= surgery + penicillin

25
Q

What diseases does the C. renale group cause?

A

Contagious bovine pyelonephritis
Urethritis and pyelonephritis
Ulcerative posthitis in bulls and adult wethers
Vulvitis in ewes

26
Q

Genus Rhodococcus

A

Pleomorphic, Gram + bacilli, non spore forming, intracellular anaerobic, catalase +

27
Q

R. equi agar appearance

A

Produces mucoid colony on blood agar = Milk- drop appearance

28
Q

R. equi’s ___________ produces synergic hemolysis with _________ and _________

A
  1. cholesterol oxidase
  2. S. Aureus
  3. C.pseudotuberculosis
29
Q

R. equi morphology

A

Encapsulated and weakly acid fast (mycolic acid)

30
Q

Where is R. equi present?

A

Large numbers in feces of healthy foals and older horses

31
Q

Infection by R. equi

A

Acquired via inhalation of dust
Foals (<6 months) get bronchopneumonia
Abscess in cats, caprine, ovine, canine, crocs, seals

32
Q

R. equi in horses

A

Ulcerative lymphadenitis

33
Q

R. equi in bovine and pigs

A

B: Ulcerative lymphangitis
P: Cervical lymphadentitis

34
Q

R. equi in humans

A

Pyogranulomatous pneumonia in patients with AIDS

35
Q

Diagnosis of R. equi

A

Culture of tracheal aspirates, broncho-alveolar lavage and pus
PCR
Thoracic radiographs (lung)

36
Q

Treatment for R. equi

A

Hyperimmune era @ 2-3 weeks
Clarithromycin and rifampin (penetrate macros)

1. Infection & Immunity (19 decks)

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