Equity Theory

Question 1

What does this theory suggest

Answer 1

Says people strive to achieve fairness in their relationships
Any kind of inequity can make people feel distressed
True both for giver and receiver

Question 2

What does this theory suggest about satisfaction

Answer 2

Satisfaction = perceived fairness
Under benefit = anger, hostility, resentment and humiliation
Over benefit = guilt, comfort and shame

Question 3

What are the 4 principles of the theory

Answer 3

Profit
Distribution
Dissatisfaction
Realignment

Question 4

Describe the profit principle

Answer 4

Rewards are maximised and costs minimised

Question 5

Describe the distribution principle

Answer 5

Trade-offs and compensations are negotiated to achieve fairness in a relationship

Question 6

Describe the dissatisfaction principle

Answer 6

The greater the degree of perceived unfairness, the greater the sense of dissatisfaction

Question 7

Describe the realignment principle

Answer 7

If restoring equity is possible, maintenance will continue, with attempt made to realign equity

Question 8

Describe how changes in perceived equity is a consequence of inequity

Answer 8

At the start of a relationship it may feels perfectly natural to contribute more than you receive
If this continues, it will not feel as satisfying as the early days

Question 9

Describe how dealing with inequity is a consequence of inequity

Answer 9

If the relationship is salvageable, the ‘put-upon’ partner will work hard to make the relationship work
Cognitive approach: revise the benefits and costs even if nothing changes