Equine FOP Flashcards
features of the mare to consider with FOP (3)
-many nonlesion lesions
-no placental reserve
-loose cervix
where does embryo attach in horses
at the bifurcation
areas of non-lesion lesions
-avillous regions (cervical star, chorioallantoic pouch, insertion of cord)
-allantoic pouches
-yolk sac remnant
-hippomane
where you do always need to look for lesions in horses
cervical star!!!
causes of equine abortion %
-no dx = 16%
-non-infectious cause = 47%
-infectious causes = 37%
top two non infectious causes of FOP in equine
-dystocia/trauma
-congenital defects
top two infectious causes of FOP in equine
-bacteria
-placentitis
4 causes of abnormalities in the fetus
-dystocia; meconium staining?
-congenital abnormalities
-thyroid hyperplasia and MSK disease
-lesions of EHV (fibrin cast in trachea, interstitial pneumonia, focal necrosis on liver)
what is a congenital abnormality in horses
-shistosomus reflexus
causes of MSK dz and thyroid hyperplasia (3)
-skeletal abnormalities (limb deformities, osteopetrosis, arthrogryposis)
-microscopic thyroid hyperplasia
-poor feed = nitrite/nitrate
what is arthrogryposis
joint fixation
what is osteopetrosis
bone like rock…. no BM in medulla, all bone
what is a specific lesion for herpesvirus in equine fetus
fibrin cast in trachea
cord length abnormality parameters
-too short (<36cm)
-too long (>83cm)
three things that can result if the cord is too long
-placental infarct
-torsion (>3 turns)
-strangulation
causes of reduced placental reserve in avillus regions
-twinning, premature separation, body pregnancy (not in horn)
-placentitis (ascending infection, strep zoo)
what disease should we think about when we see placental edema and thickening in horses
fescue endophyte mycotoxicosis
what will happen in cases of fescue endophyte mycotoxicosis
-hyperthermia
-placental edema and thickening
-dysmaturity
-prolonged gestation
what agent causes fescue endophyte mycotoxicosis
neotyphodium coenophialum
what is an issue caused by the eastern tent catepillar and how
-increased evidence of fetal sepsis and “amnionitis”
-hairs penetrate intestine, uterus, and placenta; endotoxemia/bacteremia
