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Biology 20 > Ecosystem Organization + Classifying and Naming Organisms + Studying Organisms in Ecosystems > Flashcards

Ecosystem Organization + Classifying and Naming Organisms + Studying Organisms in Ecosystems Flashcards

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1
Q

everything that affects an organism and everything an organism affects in it’s life

A

Environment

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2
Q

living components of the environment. (ex. other organisms, predators, food)

A

Biotic Components

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3
Q

non-living components of the environment. (ex. sunlight, water, minerals)

A

Abiotic Components

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4
Q

scientists who study the interactions of organisms with one another and their environment

A

Ecologists

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5
Q

organisms that can breed with one another and produce fertile offspring.

A

Species

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6
Q

a group of individuals of the same species living in a specific area at the same time

A

Population

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7
Q

consists of all the individuals in all of the interacting populations in a given area

A

Community

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8
Q

A community of populations, together with the abiotic factors that surround and affect it

A

Ecosystem

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9
Q

What changes can alter population size?

A

Sunlight, temperature, and available water

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10
Q

As the population of one species changes, the population of it’s predators go ____

A

down

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11
Q

As the population of one species changes, the population of it’s prey go ____

A

up!!

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12
Q

How can a habitat be altered?

A

Fires, floods, and rockslides

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13
Q

All the ecosystem in the world and their interactions make up the..

A

Biosphere

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14
Q

The science of classification according to the presumed relationships among organisms

A

Taxonomy

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15
Q

What are the six kingdoms of life?

A
  1. Archaea
  2. Bacteria
  3. Protista
  4. Fungi
  5. Plantae
  6. Animalia
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16
Q

_______ : Prokaryote = single-celled, Enucleated, Capable of living in extreme environments, Such as salt lakes, hot springs, and underwater thermal hot vents

A

Archaea

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17
Q

________ : Prokaryote, Genetically very different from Archaebacteria

A

Bacteria

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18
Q

________ : Eukaryote, Have a nucleus, Unicellular & multicellular, Consist of autotrophs and heterotrophs

A

Protista

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19
Q

_____ : Eukaryote, Unicellular & multicellular, Obtain food by secreting digestive enzymes onto their food source -> Absorb molecules released by the enzymes, Sessile (doesn’t move)

A

Fungi

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20
Q

_______ : Eukaryote, Most are multicellular with specialized cells, Capable of photosynthesis (autotrophs), Sessile

A

Plantae

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21
Q

________ : Eukaryote, Multicellular, Ingest their food (heterotrophs), Motile

A

Animalia

22
Q

What are the three Domains of Life?

A
  1. Eukarya
  2. Bacteria
  3. Archaea
23
Q

Which domain includes the kingdoms of Protista, Fungi, Plantae, & Animalia?

A

Eukarya

24
Q

Which domain includes the kingdom Bacteria?

A

BACTERIA!!!

25
Q

Which domain includes the kingdom Archaea?

A

ARCHAEA!!!

26
Q

A two-word naming system comprised of the genus & species name

A

Binomial Nomenclature

27
Q

Appears 1st, noun, capitalized, underlined or italicized

A

Genus

28
Q

Appears 2nd, descriptive, lower case, underlined or italicized

A

species

29
Q

Identification key that uses a series of paired organisms to sort organisms into smaller and smaller groups

A

Dichotomous key

30
Q

Name how animals are classified from less specific to most specific (starting from Domain)

A
  1. Domain
  2. Kingdom
  3. Phylum
  4. Class
  5. Order
  6. Family
  7. Genus
  8. Species
31
Q

refers to the average weather conditions in particular region over a period of time, usually 30 years or more

A

Climate

32
Q

what is climate determined by?

A

temperature and rainfall

33
Q

what is temperature and rainfall influenced by?

A

unequal heating of the Earth, Local geography, Snow/ice cover, and Proximity of large bodies of water

34
Q

large ecosystems

A

Biomes

35
Q

Biomes are plotted based on what?

A

Annual Temperature and Precipitation

36
Q

Patterns suggest that an increase in both temperature and precipitation are related to an increase in what?

A

Biodiversity

37
Q

Biomes on land

A

Terrestrial Biomes

38
Q

Biomes on lakes, rivers, estuaries (where river flows into the ocean), coral reefs, intertidal zones (where an ocean meets the land).

A

Aquatic Biomes

39
Q

Within ______ and vegetation zones are different Habitats, each with its own set of organisms and abiotic conditions.

A

Biomes

40
Q

_____ of a population/species : the geographical area where the population or species is found

A

Range

41
Q

The role that members of a species play in a community and the total range of biotic and abiotic requirements that its members need in order to survive.

A

Niche

42
Q

Which aquatic ecosystem section would have most life?

A

Limnetic (plenty of water and sunlight)

43
Q

Section of Aquatic Ecosystem which is close to the shore

A

Littoral

44
Q

Section of Aquatic Ecosystem that’s lower levels of body of water

A

Benthic

45
Q

Section of Aquatic Ecosystem which is the deep zone (no light penetration)

A

Profundal

46
Q

Section of Aquatic Ecosystem that’s open, well lit surface waters

A

Limnetic

47
Q

There are abiotic and biotic limiting _______ that control the number of individuals in a population

A

Factors

48
Q

What are some Abiotic Limiting Factors?

A

Soil type, Moisture, Humidity levels, and Temperature range

49
Q

What are some Biotic Limiting Factors?

A

Competition, Predation, and Parasitism

50
Q

Intraspecific Competition - ______ a population

A

WITHIN

51
Q

Interspecific Competition - _______ a population

A

BETWEEN

Biology 20 (20 decks)

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