Adaptations, Variations and Natural Selection Flashcards
Organisms that survive long enough to reproduce have the opportunity to pass genetic information to their _________.
offspring
a structure, behaviour, or physiological process that helps an organism survive and reproduce in a particular environment.
Adaptations
The type of adaptation that occurs mostly inside an organism. Ex. hibernation (decreases breathing and heart rate), number of stomachs, venom, skunk spray, etc.
Physiological Adaptation
The type of adaptation which applies to physical features. Ex. fur, sharp teeth, short legs, etc.
Structural Adaptation
The type of adaptation which refers to things organisms do to survive. Ex. Migration, hibernation, hiding, etc.
Behavioural Adaptation
Adaptations develop as the result of a gradual ______ in characteristics of members of a population over time.
change
(True/False) Adaptations can develop from random variations in the population.
True
a visible or invisible difference between one individual and other members of a population
Variation
An ____________ variation that helps an organism survive will likely be passed onto offspring.
Advantageous
Variations come from what?
- Combination of parental genetic information
- Genetic Mutations
change in genetic material of an organism.
Mutation
Spontaneous Mutagens cause..
Mutations
can result in cell death, cell malfunctioning, and uncontrolled cell replication.
Genetic Mutations
(True/False) Genetic mutations can only be disadvantageous.
False!!!! (can be advantageous, disadvantageous, or neutral for an organism)
characteristics which improves an organism’s chance of survival. (Eg. California ground squirrels’ blood can combat rattlesnake venom).
Selective Advantage
In populations that reproduce quickly, like bacteria, viruses, and many insects, a rapidly changing environment can result in populations that _____ fairly quickly.
adapt
Process that results when the characteristics of a population change because individuals with certain inherited traits survive specific local environmental conditions, and through reproduction, pass on their traits to their offspring.
Natural Selection
- Survival of the Fittest
During Natural Selection, do individuals change during their lifetime?
NO
During Natural Selection, do populations change with the passage of time?
YES
During Natural Selection, the environment exerts a selective pressure on the __________.
population
What happens if no individuals have traits with a selective advantage?
It can lead to extinction of a species
Environmental condition that selects for certain characteristics of individuals and selects against others
Selective Pressure
