Ecology

Question 1

Explain omnivore

Answer 1

Eats plants and animals

Question 2

Explain carnivore

Answer 2

Eats only animals

Question 3

Explain food chain

Answer 3

A food chain is a list of organisms in which each organism is eaten by the next one in the chain.

Question 4

Explain food web

Answer 4

A food web consists of two or more interconnected food chains.

Question 5

Explain adaption

Answer 5

An adaptation is a structure that helps an organism to survive in its habitat.

Question 6

Explain a decomposed

Answer 6

Decomposers are organisms that feed on dead plants and animals

Question 7

What is a producer

Answer 7

Producers are plants that make their own food

Question 8

Explain habitat

Answer 8

A habitat is the area where a plant or animal lives.

Question 9

What is meant by ecology

Answer 9

Ecology is the study of the relationships between plants, animals and their environment.

Question 10

What does interdependence mean

Answer 10

Interdependence means that living things depend on each other for survival.

Question 11

Explain herbivore

Answer 11

Eats only plants

Question 12

What is an ecosystem

Answer 12

An ecosystem consists of all the plants and animals in an area interacting with each other and their physical environment.

Question 13

Name equipment used to study a habitat

Answer 13

A pooter, a beating tray, a pitfall trap and a sweep net are devices used to collect animals.
A quadrat is a square used to estimate the number of plants in a habitat.
A line transect is a rope marked at regular intervals and laid out across a habitat to estimate the number of plants present.

Question 14

Give five steps to studying a habitT

Answer 14

1 Draw a simple map of the habitat.
2 Measure and record the environmental features in the habitat.
3 Identify and list all the organisms in the habitat.
4 Collect samples of those organisms that cannot be identified in the habitat.
5 Estimate the number of each organism in the habitat.

Question 15

Explain conservation

Answer 15

The protection and wisemanagement of natural resources to prevent living things becoming extinct.

Question 16

Name some habitats that are harmed because of human activity

Answer 16

we knock down forests and woodlands for timber or for housing
bog lands are being drained for farming
grassland is being used up for housing and factories
lakes are being destroyed by pollution.

Question 17

Why is conservation important

Answer 17

To prevent organisms from being wiped out. At present, many organisms are under threat of becoming extinct.

To maintain the balance of nature. The loss of any one type of organism can cause dramatic results for other types of organisms.

Future generations have the right to the same natural resources as are found at present.

Plants are the source of many medicines. As plants become extinct, we lose the ability to test them for new medications.

If our natural resources are not protected there is a danger that human lifestyles (and even our survival) would be at risk.

Question 18

Explain pollutant

Answer 18

The materials which cause pollution are called pollutants.

Question 19

Give some examples of air pollution

Answer 19

Acid rain- chemicals are dissolved in rainwater and it: burns leaves on trees, kills plants and fish, dissolves marble, limestone and metal

Greenhouse gases- Increasing levels of carbon dioxide (and other gases), causing the Earth to warm up, resulting in floods and weather changes

Lead Burning - ‘leaded’ petrol, harmful to the brains of young children

Question 20

What are the main causes of water pollution

Answer 20

badly treated sewage (toilet) waste
oil spills
the dumping of household, farming and industrial wastes.