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JC Science > Chemistry Definitions > Flashcards

Chemistry Definitions Flashcards

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1
Q

Filtration

A

The separation of soil and water (filtering in a mixture through filter paper to separate the two substances)

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2
Q

Residue

A

The substance trapped in the filterpaper

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3
Q

Filtrate

A

Clearwater that passes through the filter paper

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4
Q

Evaporation

A

Used to separate a soluble solid and a liquid

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5
Q

Chromatography

A

Technic used to separate a mixture of dyes in ink

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6
Q

Distillation

A

Used to separate substances with different boiling points

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7
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupy space and has mass

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8
Q

Particles

A

Atoms or molecules

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9
Q

Sublimation

A

Change it items from one state to another

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10
Q

Element

A

A substance made up of only one type of atom

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11
Q

Molecule

A

A substance made up of two or more atoms chemically combine together

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12
Q

Compound

A

Two or more elements chemically combine together

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13
Q

Mixture

A

Two or more substances mingled together but not chemically combined

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14
Q

Atom

A

The smallest part of an element that still has the properties of that element

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15
Q

Atomic number

A

The number of protons in an atom of the element

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16
Q

Mass number

A

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom of the element ( electrons are negligible )

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17
Q

Isotopes

A

Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons in the nucleus

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18
Q

Noble gases

A

Un reactive nonmetals which exist as single atoms

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19
Q

Solution

A

When something is dissolved in a liquid

20
Q

Solute

A

The substance being dissolved

21
Q

solvent

A

The liquid is the solute is dissolving into

22
Q

Concentrated solution

A

Lots of solute very little solvent

23
Q

Dilute solution

A

Lots of solvent very little solute

24
Q

Solubility

A

The amount of grams of solute that dissolve fully in hundred grams of solvent at a set temperature

25
Q

Saturated solution

A

Contains as much of the dissolved solute that it can at that temperature

26
Q

Ionic bond

A

Force of attraction between the negative and positive ion

27
Q

Ion

A

An atom that has lost or gained electrons

28
Q

Corrosion

A

A reaction in which a metal slowly reacts with oxygen in the air to form an oxide

29
Q

galvanising

A

Coating with a layer of zinc

30
Q

Chromium plating

A

Coating with a shiny layer of chromium

31
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of two or more metals

32
Q

Fuel

A

A substance which burns in oxygen to produce heat

33
Q

Fossil fuel

A

A fuel formed from the remains of plants or animals

34
Q

Alkalis

A

Bases soluble in water

35
Q

Indicator

A

I chemical that changes colour according to whether a substance is an acid or a base

36
Q

Catalyst

A

A chemical that speed up or slow start a chemical reaction without being changed or used in the process

37
Q

Screening

A

Removal of waste products from water using a mesh screen

38
Q

Settling

A

Aliminium sulphate added to water in large tanks causing smaller particles to settle at the bottom

39
Q

Filtration

A

Water passes through sand to remove smaller particles

40
Q

chlorination

A

Addition of chlorine to water to kill bacteria

41
Q

Fluoridation

A

Fluorine added to water to help prevent tooth decay

42
Q

Ion-exchanger

A

Removes water hardness

43
Q

Hard water

A

Water containing dissolved compounds

44
Q

Meniscus

A

Curved surface of a liquid in a vessel

45
Q

Desalination

A

Process of obtaining freshwater from seawater

46
Q

Electrolysis

A

Passing electricity through water to split it into two elements

JC Science (53 decks)

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