ecfmg Flashcards
decreased alveolar-arterial gradient가 좋은거지.
intrapulmonary shunt 때도, penumonia 도 모두 이 표안에서 끝난다., ㅎㅎㅎㅎ - post op atelectasis 에서도 lung consolidation 에서도 increased A-a gradient
원래는 5미만 차이지?
이 표대로 다~ 되네.
일반 OGTT 2시간후 146 미만이여야지.
Adjustment disorder occurs within ___months of a significant stressor, such as a divorce. It is characterized by emotional or behavioral symptoms that do not meet the criteria for another mental disorder.
3
hepatomegaly+ long h/o COPD + CVP 10 cm + diffuse scattered inspiratory wheezes bilaterally.
JVP 는 밑에 5 + 위에 3 으로 8까지 정상
protuberant: 튀어나온
Cor pulmonale
She has a do-not-resuscitate order stating that she does not want cardiopulmonary
resuscitation, with no specific comment on intubation.
The patient is alert, fully oriented, and conversant. Results of arterial blood gas
analysis are shown:
normal PaO2 mmHG는 80 이상
Explain to the patient that because her advance directive is confusing, discussing her options would be helpful
When a patient’s advance directive is unclear or does not fully address their current situation, it is essential to have a direct and empathetic discussion to clarify their goals of care and document their updated preferences. This ensures that medical interventions align with the patient’s values and wishes.
poor peripheral perfusion, which would significantly hinder this patient’s ability to heal and ambulate effectively with a prosthesis.
Pruritus is a well-documented side effect of _____, including oxycodone
opioid therapy
LUQ pain + amylase high
histology?
+ Caseating granulomatous inflammation with serosal fibrous adhesions:?
stroke 처럼 막힌거니 : coagulative necrosis
vs
Caseating granulomatous inflammation with serosal fibrous adhesions: This is seen in conditions like tuberculosis or Crohn disease
ureter stone 때 진단
CT
vacation in a southeastern state
Vibrio vulnificus: Causes wound infections, sepsis, and bullous lesions, particularly in patients with liver disease (e.g., cirrhosis).
기립성 저혈압은 고령에 고혈압 약 쓸때 흔히 있다. syncope 온다고 해서 그것만으로 이유구나… 아니고
Telemetry 해야 함.
쎄레브렉스 기전 과 먹으면 prothrombotic or anti thrombotic?
prostacyc or prostagla
a selective COX-2 inhibitor, decreasing prostacyclin (PGI2) production 그래서 coagulation 늘어나겠지.
ProstaCyclin- 싸이클 바퀴는 2개다. 아주 좁은 면적으로만 달리지 - vasoConstriction / pro선수가 지나가는길에 깨끗이 먼지없게 치우기
Progstglnadin - vasodilation / pro선수가 지나가는길에 깨끗이 먼지없게 치우기
TXA - Trhombus 를 쌓는 / ** X **못지나가게 좁게 막아 vasoconstrictoin
Prostacyclin (also called prostaglandin I2 or PGI2) is a prostaglandin m
신생아급사 증후군의 애기가 preterm 인것은 연관이 있나
있지.
껄렁한 담배피는 중딩!!
애도 작고, perterm, 엄마도 작고 , 미성념 엄마.
알콜도 esophagus cance랑 연관
있지 . 술담배
백신에 대해 misconception 은 인정하는게 아니라 그 specific misconception 을 해소해주는 설명
그 misconception 을 피해서 안전합니다. 혹은 맞아두면 herd immunity 줄입니다. ~ 이런거 아님.
그걸 딱 찝어서 정확한 정보 주기.
대부분의 백신은 극도로 안전: 좀 위험성이 있습니다만~ => 이런 설명은 두려움을 키우므로 절대 정답아님.
Severe intellectual disability and congenital anomalies (e.g., heart defects, overlapping fingers, rocker bottom feet
Edward - 대부분 얼마 못살아서 호스피스행
기본적으로 아무리 헷갈려도 peripheral 은 horizonta nystagmus 다.
cerebellar atxia 는 dysmetria
stroke은 보통 다른 증상을 준다.
The patient appears to be drifting in and out of sleep during the physical examination
아트로핀 이 테이블…. 그 테이블에 엄청 많이 드루와 있지.
lower PVR 과 AF 인 CHF?
high output heart faliure by hyperthyroidism
Yes, hyperthyroidism (an overactive thyroid) is a well-established risk factor for developing atrial fibrillation (AF), an irregular and often rapid heartbeat, with AF occurring in up to 15% of patients with hyperthyroidism.
AR 때 mumur 위치와 p/ex 특징
poudnig pulse
widened pulse pressure 166/55
Diastolic decresendo M @ L sternal border.
Pancreatitis 때 LUng 문제 어디
diaphragm에 가까이 있어서
L pleural effusion
Pneumonia
ARDS
2hr ogtt 146 미만이 정상이지. 그거말고 DM 진단 기준
- Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥126 mg/dL -> 100 이하 정상
- 2-hour plasma glucose values ≥200 mg/dL during a 75 g OGTT => 146 미만 정상
- HbA1c ≥6.5%
fasting 100~126 metabolic / 126 이상 DM
OGT
Normal: Glucose level less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L)
Prediabetes: Glucose level between 140 and 199 mg/dL (7.8 and 11.0 mmol/L)
Diabetes: Glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L)
여자 irritable함은 언제 올라감
그래서 premenstural synd
Symptoms typically occur in the luteal phase (1–2 weeks before menses) and resolve with the onset of menstruation.