Eating Behaviour Flashcards
What are the more basic behaviour controlled by?
Hypothalamus
What does the hypothalamus develop from?
Diencephalon of the forebrain
Define anabolism
Building up macromolecules for energy storage
Define catabolism
Breaking down macromolecules for energy usage
Bilateral lesions on which region of a rat’s brain is shown to cause anorexia?
Lateral hypothalamus
Bilateral lesions on which region of a rat’s brain is shown to cause overeating and obesity?
Ventromedial hypothalamus
Bilateral lesions to the ventromedial hypothalamus of a rat’s brain causes…
Overeating and obesity
What is leptin released by?
Fat cells
What does a deficiency in leptin stimulate?
Eating behaviour
What does leptin do?
Decrease eating behaviour and increase energy expenditure
What do increased levels of leptin act on?
Receptors on neurones in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus
The neurones activated by leptin contain which neurotransmitters?
- α-MSH
- CART
What does stimulation of the paraventricular nucleus release and from where?
TSH and ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland
What do TSH and ACTH act on? Why?
Thyroid and adrenal glands to increase basal metabolic rate
What does stimulation of the brain stem and upper spinal cord do?
Increases sympathetic activity –> increase in body temp. and BMR
What does stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus do?
Inhibit feeding behaviour by somatic motor activity
What does injection of α-MSH and CART mimic?
The effect of raised leptin levels
Falling levels of leptin stimulates neurones in the arcuate nucleus contains which neurotransmitters?
- NPY
- AgRP
What do NYP and AgRP do?
- inhibit TSH and ACTH secretion
- activate the parasympathetic nervous system
- stimulate feeding behaviour
What are NYP and AgRP called?
Orexigenic peptides
When is gherelin released? What does it stimulate?
On empty stomach and stimulates NPY and AgRP release
What is the name given to short term eating signals?
Satiety signals
