Eating Behaviour

Question 1

What are the more basic behaviour controlled by?

Answer 1

Hypothalamus

Question 2

What does the hypothalamus develop from?

Answer 2

Diencephalon of the forebrain

Question 3

Define anabolism

Answer 3

Building up macromolecules for energy storage

Question 4

Define catabolism

Answer 4

Breaking down macromolecules for energy usage

Question 5

Bilateral lesions on which region of a rat’s brain is shown to cause anorexia?

Answer 5

Lateral hypothalamus

Question 6

Bilateral lesions on which region of a rat’s brain is shown to cause overeating and obesity?

Answer 6

Ventromedial hypothalamus

Question 7

Bilateral lesions to the ventromedial hypothalamus of a rat’s brain causes…

Answer 7

Overeating and obesity

Question 8

What is leptin released by?

Answer 8

Fat cells

Question 9

What does a deficiency in leptin stimulate?

Answer 9

Eating behaviour

Question 10

What does leptin do?

Answer 10

Decrease eating behaviour and increase energy expenditure

Question 11

What do increased levels of leptin act on?

Answer 11

Receptors on neurones in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus

Question 12

The neurones activated by leptin contain which neurotransmitters?

Answer 12

• α-MSH

- CART

Question 13

What does stimulation of the paraventricular nucleus release and from where?

Answer 13

TSH and ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland

Question 14

What do TSH and ACTH act on? Why?

Answer 14

Thyroid and adrenal glands to increase basal metabolic rate

Question 15

What does stimulation of the brain stem and upper spinal cord do?

Answer 15

Increases sympathetic activity –> increase in body temp. and BMR

Question 16

What does stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus do?

Answer 16

Inhibit feeding behaviour by somatic motor activity

Question 17

What does injection of α-MSH and CART mimic?

Answer 17

The effect of raised leptin levels

Question 18

Falling levels of leptin stimulates neurones in the arcuate nucleus contains which neurotransmitters?

Answer 18

• NPY

- AgRP

Question 19

What do NYP and AgRP do?

Answer 19

• inhibit TSH and ACTH secretion
• activate the parasympathetic nervous system
• stimulate feeding behaviour

Question 20

What are NYP and AgRP called?

Answer 20

Orexigenic peptides

Question 21

When is gherelin released? What does it stimulate?

Answer 21

On empty stomach and stimulates NPY and AgRP release

Question 22

What is the name given to short term eating signals?

Answer 22

Satiety signals