Animal Models Flashcards
Who was the canon of internal medicine?
Huang Ti
Invertebrate Models: which animals were used?
Giant squid, worms, fruit flies
Who performed an experiment involving a giant squid axon?
Hodgkin, Huxley and Katz
Why was a giant squid axon used?
Large diameter so easy dissection and support
What was done in the experiment involving a giant squid axon?
Internal and external perfusion with varying salines to determine ion flow in action potential
What was Hodgkin, Huxley and Katz trying to determine?
Ion flow in an action potential
What kind of experiments are worms mainly used for?
Electrophysiology experiments
Which processes is the C. elegans used as a model to understand?
Cell death and development
Why is the C. elegans used for experiments involving cell development?
Genome and nervous system fully mapped
Drosophila are a model for what kind of development?
Nervous system development
Vertebrate Models: which animals were used?
Frog and chick
Who did what with frogs?
Galvani - electrical stimulation Helmholtz - nerve conduction velocity Katz and Miledi - Ca2+ release Harrison - how axons grow Sperry - how nerves pathfind
Who mixed quail and chick?
Nichole le Douarin
Who had famous work on imprinting?
Konrad Lorenz
Who studied passive avoidance?
Steven Rose
Mammals & Non-Human Primates:who did what?
Hitzig & Fritsch - mapped motor cortex in dogs
Sherrington - reflexes, motor control, defined synapse
Lowei - chemical neurotransmission, discovered ACh
Dale - release of Ach from motor neurone, Dale’s principle
Langley - named ANS, receptor theory
Lashley - rats in mazes
What was the first name given to acetylcholine (ACh)?
Vagustoff
Pavlovian learning
- conditioned responses
pair food with bell, bell alone elicits drooling
Skinner
- Operant conditioning
Animals perform tasks and receive positive or negative reinforcement
Who researched vision on cat/monkey brains?
Hubel, Kupfer and Weisel
Nicole le Douarin is involved in experiments to investigate the development of nervous systems: true or false?
True, neural crest in quail/chick
Stephen Rose was involved in early experiments to investigate how action potentials are generated: true or false?
False
