Ear Diseases Flashcards
list the main clinical investigations done for the ear
tuning fork
proton audiogram
tympanogram
otoscopy
what are the two main tests done with the tuning fork?
rinne test
weber test
describe the rinne test
place low frequency tuning fork over mastoid
ask the patient when sound can no longer be heard, then quickly position the fork 1-2cm away from the auditory canal
describe the weber test
place vibrating tuning fork over the centre of the forehead and ask the patient which ear they can hear better in
how is a tympanogram carried out?
inject air into the ear and record pressure changes
list the main symptoms of the ear
discharge discomfort dizziness deafness tinnitus defective facial movement
true or false: the most common cause of earache in adults is referred pain
true
list the nerves involved in referred pain to the ear
CN V3 CN VII CN IX CN X C2 and C3 (spinal nerves)
what is the pattern of pain in acute otitis media?
crescendo decrescendo
intense pain that goes away when pus is drained
true or false: if the patient has no hearing loss, the cochlea is unaffected
true
list the main causes of otitis externa
bacterial idiopathic trauma allergy chemicals humidity swimming
what is the laymans term for otitis media with effusion?
glue ear
how is glue ear treated?
monitor for up to three months
grommet insertion
what is the antibiotic of choice for unresolved otitis media?
amoxicillin
list some cases of cholesteatoma
eardrum perforation
retracted eardrum
downs and turner syndrome
congenital
