Developmental Delay

Question 1

define developmental delay

Answer 1

failure to attain developmental milestones for a child’s corrected chronological age

Question 2

what are the main patterns of abnormal development?

Answer 2

global delay
specific delay in 1 or 2 areas
deviation from normal
regression

Question 3

what is the IQ of a person with mild learning disability?

Answer 3

below 70

Question 4

what is the IQ of a person with a severe learning disability?

Answer 4

below 50

Question 5

list red flags for development

Answer 5

asymmetry of movement 
not reaching for objects by 6 months 
unable to sit unsupported by 1 year
unable to walk and no speech by 18 months
loss of skills

Question 6

what tests should be done if a child is unable to walk by 18 months?

Answer 6

measure CK levels

Question 7

global developmental delay causes significant delay in 2 or more of what?

Answer 7

gross/fine motor skill
speech/language
cognition
social/personal skills

Question 8

global developmental delay applies to children under 5, what is the term for those of school age?

Answer 8

learning disability

Question 9

give examples of diseases where motor delay occurs

Answer 9

duchenne muscular dystrophy

cerebral palsy

Question 10

give examples of disease where sensory deficits and delays occur

Answer 10

oculocutaneous albinism

treacher collins syndrome

Question 11

what is the main developmental deviation disease?

Answer 11

autism spectrum disorders

Question 12

what are the classical features of autism (the autism triad)?

Answer 12

altered communication
social interaction
imagination

Question 13

what are the four main aspects of development?

Answer 13

gross motor
fine motor
language/speech
social skills

Question 14

what is a fairly characteristic sign/manoeuvre seen in DMD?

Answer 14

gower’s manoeuvre

Question 15

true or false: in hemiplegic cerebral palsy, only one side of the body is affected

Answer 15

true

Question 16

if only the legs are affected in cerebral palsy, what kind of plegia is it?

Answer 16

paraplegic

Question 17

true or false: if both arms and legs are affected in cerebral palsy, it is called diplegic CP

Answer 17

false

Question 18

list some investigations for developmental delay

Answer 18

CK
genetic tests 
neonatal PKU
thyroid function 
imaging if indicated