Dysfunctions of the Immune System

Question 1

Do infectious diseases declined where vaccination rates are high

Answer 1

Yes

Question 2

What is herd immunity

Answer 2

If they all got the jab then I don’t have to

Question 3

What there is more herd immunity what are there more of

Answer 3

Outbreaks, measles, mupmps

Question 4

What diseases are we still tyring to make vaccines for

Answer 4

AIDS, malaria, TB

Question 5

What is an emerging infectious disesase

Answer 5

Newly indentifies in a population

Question 6

What is a re-emerging infectious disease

Answer 6

Previously under contol

Question 7

How does re-emerging infectious diseases happen

Answer 7

No consistence in vaccinations, drug resistance

Question 8

What is type I hypersensitivity

Answer 8

Allergic reactions

Question 9

What are allergic reactions caused by

Answer 9

Allergens, develop IgEs

Question 10

What are the complications of allergic reactions

Answer 10

Anaphylaxis (over reaction)

Question 11

What are some common allergic situations

Answer 11

Hay fever, food allergies, atopic dermatitis, asthma

Question 12

What can anaphylaxid lead to

Answer 12

shock

Question 13

What happens in anaphylaxis

Answer 13

Life-threatening, decreased BP from HISTAMINE, AIRWAY obstruction, HYPOXIA, EDEMA

Question 14

What does histamine do

Answer 14

Vasodialator, increases HR and premeability

Question 15

What are the common causes of anaphylexia

Answer 15

Latex, insects, nuts, shellfish, drugs

Question 16

What are the S+S of anaphylaxis

Answer 16

Itching, coughing, difficluty breathing, weakness, dizzy, edema, FEAR, hives, collapse

Question 17

What is the treatment of anaphylaxis

Answer 17

First aid, EPIPEN, 9-1-1

Question 18

What is the treatment of anaphylaxis in the ER

Answer 18

epi, glucocorticoids, antihistamines, O2, stablize BP

Question 19

Why give glucocorticoids for anayphylaxis

Answer 19

Reduces immune functions

Question 20

Why give antihistamines

Answer 20

vasoconstrict

Question 21

What are autoimmune disorders caused by

Answer 21

Develope antibodies aginst OWN cells, loss of self-TOLERANCE

Question 22

Do autoimmune disorders affect just single organs

Answer 22

Yes and no

Question 23

What is systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Answer 23

Chronic inflammatory disease that affects alot of ORGANS

Question 24

What is the butterfly rash indicative of

Answer 24

Lupus

Question 25

Who is affected by lupus

Answer 25

young women

Question 26

What about SLE can cause impairment of blood supply to the tissues

Answer 26

Vasculitis

Question 27

What are the common S+S of SLE

Answer 27

Arthralgia, fatigue, malaise, cardiovascular, polyuria

Question 28

What tests can be done for SLE

Answer 28

blood work

Question 29

What is the treatment for SLE

Answer 29

Rheumatologist, prednisone, NSAIDs

Question 30

What is presnisone

Answer 30

Glucocorticoid

Question 31

What is immunodeficiency

Answer 31

Parial or toatl LOSS of some of the immune system compnents

Question 32

What does immunodeficiency increased the risk of

Answer 32

Infection and cancer

Question 33

What are primary deficiencies

Answer 33

Immune issues from development

Question 34

What is secondary or acquired immunodeficiencies

Answer 34

From a specific causes such as infections, malnutrition, disease, drugs, chemotherapy

Question 35

When will prophylactic antimicrobials be used for immunosuppressant peopl

Answer 35

before procedures

Question 36

What is AIDS

Answer 36

chronic infectious disease caused by HIV

Question 37

What does HIV do

Answer 37

destroys helper T cellsCD4 lymphocytes

Question 38

What can AIDs increase the risk of

Answer 38

Secondary infections and cancer

Question 39

Does AIDS have a latent period

Answer 39

Yes because the cD4 cell levels stay up

Question 40

What can suppress the development of AIDS

Answer 40

Antivirals

Question 41

What is a HIV-positive individual

Answer 41

Virus is in the body but they have no evidence

Question 42

What is AIDS

Answer 42

Marked clinical symptoms

Question 43

How is HIV transmitted

Answer 43

Bodily fluids

Question 44

What does diagnostic tests look at

Answer 44

blood tests for HIV antibodies

Question 45

What is the three stage process for diagnostic tests

Answer 45

Presence, different antibodies, NUCLEIC ACID TEST to confirm

Question 46

What are the clinical signs and symptoms of AIDS

Answer 46

lymphadenophathy, weakness, headache, arthralgia, GI infections, ENCEPHALOPATHY

Question 47

What is encrphalopathy

Answer 47

AIDS dementia and infection of brain cells

Question 48

What is the primary cause of death for AIDS

Answer 48

secondary infections

Question 49

Why are secondary infecitions common for people with AIDS

Answer 49

They can't fight off, they have multiople and they are long and severe

Question 50

Is drug treatment for secondary infecitions with AIDS pts effective

Answer 50

No

Question 51

What are some common esecondary infections with AIDS

Answer 51

pneumocystis, herpes, candida, TB

Question 52

Is there an increased incidence of all cancers with AIDS

Answer 52

yes

Question 53

What are the markers of cancer with AIDS

Answer 53

Kaposi sarcoma and non-hodgkins lymphoma

Question 54

What is kaposi sarcoma

Answer 54

Affects skin, patches on skin

Question 55

What is non-hodgkin lymphoma

Answer 55

Purple or brown pathes, become nodular

Question 56

What are the treatments of AIDS

Answer 56

Drug cocktails and expensive

Question 57

What are NNRTIs

Answer 57

prevents RNA conversion to DNA

Question 58

What are NRTIs

Answer 58

active inhibitors of reverse transcriptase found in HIV

Question 59

What is dyphenhydramine

Answer 59

Denadrly