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Pathopharm > Antibiotics Pt. 2 > Flashcards

Antibiotics Pt. 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are Sulfonamides

A

Synertistic with bactrim, broad spectrum

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2
Q

What is the mechanism of action of sulfonamides

A

Bacteriostatic

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3
Q

What is sulfonamides used to treat

A

UTI caused by HIV and STAPH

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4
Q

What are the adverse effects of sulfonamides

A

Anemia, photosensitvity, hepatotoxicity

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5
Q

Which pt will you be care about giving sulfonamides to

A

Pts with kidneys issues (erthropoyetein), and liver issues

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6
Q

What are the nursing implications of sulfonamides

A

Maintain fluid status 2/3,000 mL, assess RBC, with FOOD

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7
Q

What are the two tetracycline drugs

A

TETRAcycline, DOXYcycline

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8
Q

What does doxycycline treat

A

acne

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9
Q

What is the method of actions of tetracyclines

A

Bacteriostatic

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10
Q

What should you avoid with tetracyclines

A

Dairy products because it binds to Ca and pts won’t get the nutrients

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11
Q

Who should not take tetracyclines

A

Children under 8 and pregnate women (tooth discoloration)

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12
Q

Is tetracyclines wide spectrum

A

Yes

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13
Q

What can tetracyclines do if taken while pregnate

A

Retard fetal skeletal development

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14
Q

What are the adverse effects of tetracyclines

A

Secondary infections, yeast infections

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15
Q

What should you avoid with tetracyclines

A

Milk, iron, sunlight

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16
Q

What is aminoglycosides

A

Bad PO absorption, serious TOXICITIES

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17
Q

What are the three aminoglycosides

A

GENTAmicin, NEOmycin, TOBRAmycin

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18
Q

What is aminoglycosides used for

A

E.coli, synergistic

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19
Q

When are aminoglycosides used

A

Decontaminate the GI tract before surgery, enemas

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20
Q

What can the toxicities of aminoglycosides do

A

Nephro and oto

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21
Q

How do you check for nephrotoxicity

A

Urine output and BUN and creatin

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22
Q

What must you do with aminoglycosides

A

Monitor blood levels

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23
Q

What are quinolones reduced by

A

antacids and dairy, need acidity

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24
Q

What are the three quinolones

A

CIPROfloxacin, LEVOfloxacin, MOXIfloxacin

25
Q

Do quinolones affect human DNA

A

NO

26
Q

What are quinolones used to treat

A

antrharx

27
Q

What are the adverse effects of quinolones

A

Cardiac, ruptured tendons **

28
Q

What should you think about if an older adult who is on quinolones tells you their legs hurt

A

IMPORTANT

29
Q

What are the miscellaneous antibiotics

A

Clindamycin, metronidazole, nitrofurantoin, vanco

30
Q

What is special about alindamycin

A

Causes C.diff, interacts with vecuronium (paralyzing)

31
Q

What is special about metronidazole

A

Antibuse effect

32
Q

What is special about nitrofurantoin

A

Use carefully with renal and liver issues

33
Q

What are the nursing implications of giving drugs

A

Allergies, immune status, contraindicaitons, interactions, cultures, adhere, superinfections, check names

34
Q

What is tall man lettering

A

Differation of classes

35
Q

What are the most common adverse effects of antibiotics

A

N+V+D, give PROBIOTIC

36
Q

What can it mean if you get a negative culutre

A

Local infection

37
Q

Can a virus replicate on its own

A

No it takes over a cell to do it

38
Q

Why are viruses hard to kill

A

Because they are in the cell can we have to kill both

39
Q

What do antiviral meds do

A

Inhibit replication

40
Q

What are the common viruses controlled by antiviral therapy

A

CMV, hepatits, herpes, HIV, flu, RSV

41
Q

What are some of the actions of antivirals

A

Enter virated cell or stimulate the body’s immune system

42
Q

Which pts hav ethe best responses to antiviral meds

A

Competent immune systems

43
Q

What are antiviral drugs

A

Used to treat infections caused by viruses OTHER than HIV

44
Q

What are antiretroviral drugs

A

Treat infections CAUSED by HIV

45
Q

What are the adverse effects of antiviral drugs

A

Kills healthy cells which can lead to serious toxicities

46
Q

What is amantoadine used for

A

Was flu A, NOT recommend, Off label for PARKINSON’s

47
Q

What is sepcial about rimantadine

A

Less CNS effects

48
Q

What is acyclovir used for

A

Herpes and chiken poxes, lessen the affects and time of healing

49
Q

What is oseltamivir used for

A

Treatment of flu ONLY if symptoms have been less than 2 days

50
Q

What is HIV

A

retrovirus

51
Q

How is HIV transmitted

A

Sex, IV use, mother to child

52
Q

What are the 4 stages of HIV infection

A

Asymoptomatic, general, moderate, severe

53
Q

What are antiretroviral drugs

A

Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)

54
Q

What is HAART

A

At least three meds, COCKTAIL

55
Q

What are the two types of antiretroviral drugs

A

Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs)

56
Q

What is the goal of antiretroviral drugs

A

Find the best regimen that controls the infections without bad side effects, it can change

57
Q

What are the nursing implications of meds

A

Underlying disease, history, baseline, nutrition, contraindications, hand washing, gloves, other meds, get meds right at the beginning of herpes, monitor good and bad effects

58
Q

What do antiviral meds do

A

manage symptoms

Pathopharm (19 decks)

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