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Pathopharm > Adaptive/ Acquired Immunity > Flashcards

Adaptive/ Acquired Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

When is adaptive immunity used

A

After barriers have been compromised and INFLAMMAITON has be activated

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2
Q

What does adaptive immunity promote against

A

reinfection

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3
Q

What is the difference between adaptive immunity and inflammation

A

specific, long-lived, and has memory

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4
Q

What are antigens

A

External microbes, they are the tragets of anitbodies

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5
Q

What are antibodies

A

Internal blood proteins in response to specific antigens

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6
Q

What are lymphocytes

A

B and T cells

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7
Q

Where are T cells derived

A

Thymus

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8
Q

Where are B cells derived

A

Bone marrow

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9
Q

What are the two pathways of the adaptive immune system

A

Humoral and cell-mediated

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10
Q

What is humoral immunity

A

Antibodies are produced by B cells to TRAGET exogenous antigens

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11
Q

Where do humoral antibodies circulate

A

In the blood

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12
Q

What does humoral immunity bind to

A

Antigens on bacteria and viruses

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13
Q

What is cellular immunity

A

Does not result in ANTIBODY preduction but TARGETS antigens

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14
Q

What is the cells of cellular immunity

A

T cells in the blood and tissues

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15
Q

What do T cell defend against

A

Intracellular pathogens and abnormal cells

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16
Q

What is the primary cell of humoral immunity

A

B cells

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17
Q

Is humoral immunity fast to act

A

No, must be EXPOSED via ENIVROMETN of PREMEDITATED (vaccine)

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18
Q

Does humoral immunity have memory

A

Yes

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19
Q

Is humoral immunity systemic or localized

A

Systemic

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20
Q

Where are B cells made and matured

A

Bone marrow

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21
Q

What do B cells develop

A

Immunocompetence, recognize bad cells and ignore self cells

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22
Q

Do B cells have antibodies

A

Yes

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23
Q

Where do B cells reside

A

Lumph nodes and blood

24
Q

When are B cells activated

A

They are exposeed to their perfect match

25
Q

What happens once a B cell bind to an antigen and is activated

A

Clones it self with the same specific antibodies

26
Q

What are the two types of clones from B cells

A

Effectors (fighters, plasma cells, spew antibodies) and Memory B cells (remember DNA for antibody)

27
Q

What do memory B-cells do for the next exposure

A

Stronger, faster response

28
Q

What do antibodies in the fluids do

A

Bind to antigens and mark them for destruction

29
Q

Do antibodies destroy invaders themselves

A

No

30
Q

What do binded antibodies do

A

Neutralization (block binding sites), Agglutination (clumptogether), chemical messengers

31
Q

What are the limitations of humoral immunity

A

Pathogens mutate and memory cells are ineffective

32
Q

Are memory cells good for mumps and polio

A

Yes

33
Q

Are memory cells good for influenza and vocid

A

no

34
Q

How can you get passive humoral immunity

A

Fetus, breast milk, no memory cells

35
Q

What are exogenous antibodies

A

Antibodies from other people

36
Q

What type of antibodies can be used for ebola and covid-19

A

Exogenous antibodies

37
Q

What are all of the immunoglobulins (antibodies)

A

GAMED

38
Q

What are the most abundate immunoglobulins

A

G, protective, placenta

39
Q

Where are IgA found

A

Blood

40
Q

What is the largest immunoglobulin

A

M, first antibody, early life

41
Q

What does IgE denfend against

A

Parasitice infections, ALLERGIES

42
Q

Can antibody production change classes

A

Yes

43
Q

What is cellular immunity used

A

Last effort, cells are breched

44
Q

What happens after phagocytes engulf and break up invading antigens

A

Present the antigens of the surface

45
Q

What cell is cellular immunity

A

T cells

46
Q

Where are T cells made and matured

A

Mde in bone marrow and matured in thymus

47
Q

T cells only recognized APC

A

Yes

48
Q

What are the 5 types of T cells

A

Helper, cytotoxic, memory, regulatory, and natural killer

49
Q

What do helper T cells do

A

Can not DIRECTLY destroy antigen, binds and activates, COPIES itself into different
T cells and chemical MESSENGERS called CYTOKINES

50
Q

What are cytokines

A

Multiply helper T cells, activate cytotix T cells

51
Q

What do cyotkines do to help activate B cells in humoral immunity

A

Helper T cells inspect bound B cell to see if it’s bad or not

52
Q

What do cytoxic T cells do

A

See APCs, bind, release ENZYMES that puncture and kill the cell, HUNT for more

53
Q

Where are cytotoxic T cells

A

Blood and lymph

54
Q

What do regulatory T cells do

A

Release inhibitory cytokines, stops immune response

55
Q

What do autoimmune diseases lack

A

Regulatory T cells

Pathopharm (19 decks)

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