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Pathopharm > CHF and Angina > Flashcards

CHF and Angina Flashcards

1
Q

What do the kidneys do when there is decreased renal blood flow

A

Increase BP

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2
Q

What is right sided heart failure caused by

A

Hypoxic pumonary disease such as COPD

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3
Q

What are the two heart failure classifications

A

ACC/AHA and NYHA

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4
Q

What does the ACC/AHA classification focus on

A

risk factors

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5
Q

Drugs to treat heart failure

A

Drugs that inhibit the RAAS system (ACE-I), diurectics

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6
Q

What does valsartan do

A

opens narrowed arteries, reduces strain on the heart

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7
Q

What are the adverse effects of valsartan

A

ARBs, joint pain

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8
Q

What do SGLT-2 inhibitors do

A

reduce pre/afterload

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9
Q

What are the side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

hypoglycemia, UTI

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10
Q

What should you monitor with calsartan

A

Kidney

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11
Q

Waht should you monitor with SGLT-2 inhibitors

A

Kidney

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12
Q

What do SGLT-2 inhibitors end with

A

PAGLIFLOZIN

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13
Q

What are the AGLT-2 meds

A

Em/dapagliglozin, hardiance

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14
Q

What does digoxin do

A

Increase force

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15
Q

What must be in normal fange for digozin

A

POtassium

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16
Q

What can digoxin cause

A

Dysrhythmias and heart bvloock

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17
Q

What do you use digoxin for

A

Slows heart rate, NARROW range

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18
Q

What are the adverse effects of digozin

A

Dysrhythmias, HALOS

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19
Q

What are the inotropic meds

A

Dopamine, dobutamine

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20
Q

What does dopamine do

A

Used for really bad heart failure, increases heart rate and contraction

21
Q

What is angina

A

Reversible myocardial ischemia causing chest pain

22
Q

What are the S+S of angina

A

CENTER of chest, JAW, SOB, lightheadedness

23
Q

Why does angina happen

A

O2 demand is greater than supply, insufficient blood flow

24
Q

What does O2 depans depend on

A

HR, contraction, stretch

25
Q

What does O2 supply affect

A

Blood flow and perfusion

26
Q

What is exertional angina

A

Chronic stable angina

27
Q

What are the characteristics of exertional angina

A

Intermittently, same pattern, no pain with rest

28
Q

When should people who have chronic stable angina come in

A

When it is different

29
Q

What is the goal of treatment for chronic stable angina

A

Decrease O2 demand or increase supply

30
Q

What do you want to prevent with treating chronic stable angina

A

MI, ischemia and pain

31
Q

What are the therapeutic agents that provide symptomatic relief with chronic stable anginaq

A

Nitro, beta-blockers

32
Q

How often can you take nitro

A

Q5 mins X3

33
Q

What are the nondrug therapy options for treating chronic stable angina

A

Avoid and decrease risk factors

34
Q

How can you reduce the risk of chronic stable angia

A

Smoking, high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, physiclal inactivity

35
Q

What does cariant angina go by

A

Prinametal’s angina

36
Q

What is variant angina

A

Spasm

37
Q

What is unstable angina

A

New, pain at rest, worsening, unpredictable, EMERGENCY

38
Q

What are the three families of antianginal agents

A

Organic nitrates (nitri), beta-blockers (metoprolol), calcium channel blockers (verapamil)

39
Q

What is the other drug you can use for angina

A

Ranolazine, works better in men

40
Q

What do nitrates do

A

Dilate veins and decrease preload

41
Q

What do beta blockers do

A

Decrease HR and contraction

42
Q

What is the oldest and most frequently used class of antianginal agents

A

Nitro

43
Q

What are the adverse effects of nitro

A

headache, hypotension, refelx tachycardia

44
Q

Why does nitro have sprays and sublingual pills

A

1st pass effect

45
Q

What should you know about abrupt discontinuation of long-acting angina agents

A

Can cause casospasm

46
Q

What does beta blockers end in

A

OLOL

47
Q

What are the adverse effects of beta blockers

A

Bradycardia, astmatic effects, AV block

48
Q

What are calcium channel blockers used for

A

Stable and cariant angina, HTN

Pathopharm (19 decks)

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