CHF and Angina Flashcards
What do the kidneys do when there is decreased renal blood flow
Increase BP
What is right sided heart failure caused by
Hypoxic pumonary disease such as COPD
What are the two heart failure classifications
ACC/AHA and NYHA
What does the ACC/AHA classification focus on
risk factors
Drugs to treat heart failure
Drugs that inhibit the RAAS system (ACE-I), diurectics
What does valsartan do
opens narrowed arteries, reduces strain on the heart
What are the adverse effects of valsartan
ARBs, joint pain
What do SGLT-2 inhibitors do
reduce pre/afterload
What are the side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors
hypoglycemia, UTI
What should you monitor with calsartan
Kidney
Waht should you monitor with SGLT-2 inhibitors
Kidney
What do SGLT-2 inhibitors end with
PAGLIFLOZIN
What are the AGLT-2 meds
Em/dapagliglozin, hardiance
What does digoxin do
Increase force
What must be in normal fange for digozin
POtassium
What can digoxin cause
Dysrhythmias and heart bvloock
What do you use digoxin for
Slows heart rate, NARROW range
What are the adverse effects of digozin
Dysrhythmias, HALOS
What are the inotropic meds
Dopamine, dobutamine
What does dopamine do
Used for really bad heart failure, increases heart rate and contraction
What is angina
Reversible myocardial ischemia causing chest pain
What are the S+S of angina
CENTER of chest, JAW, SOB, lightheadedness
Why does angina happen
O2 demand is greater than supply, insufficient blood flow
What does O2 depans depend on
HR, contraction, stretch
What does O2 supply affect
Blood flow and perfusion
What is exertional angina
Chronic stable angina
What are the characteristics of exertional angina
Intermittently, same pattern, no pain with rest
When should people who have chronic stable angina come in
When it is different
What is the goal of treatment for chronic stable angina
Decrease O2 demand or increase supply
What do you want to prevent with treating chronic stable angina
MI, ischemia and pain
What are the therapeutic agents that provide symptomatic relief with chronic stable anginaq
Nitro, beta-blockers
How often can you take nitro
Q5 mins X3
What are the nondrug therapy options for treating chronic stable angina
Avoid and decrease risk factors
How can you reduce the risk of chronic stable angia
Smoking, high cholesterol, hypertension, diabetes, physiclal inactivity
What does cariant angina go by
Prinametal’s angina
What is variant angina
Spasm
What is unstable angina
New, pain at rest, worsening, unpredictable, EMERGENCY
What are the three families of antianginal agents
Organic nitrates (nitri), beta-blockers (metoprolol), calcium channel blockers (verapamil)
What is the other drug you can use for angina
Ranolazine, works better in men
What do nitrates do
Dilate veins and decrease preload
What do beta blockers do
Decrease HR and contraction
What is the oldest and most frequently used class of antianginal agents
Nitro
What are the adverse effects of nitro
headache, hypotension, refelx tachycardia
Why does nitro have sprays and sublingual pills
1st pass effect
What should you know about abrupt discontinuation of long-acting angina agents
Can cause casospasm
What does beta blockers end in
OLOL
What are the adverse effects of beta blockers
Bradycardia, astmatic effects, AV block
What are calcium channel blockers used for
Stable and cariant angina, HTN
